Review of Girls Coming to Tech!
Hi friends of women in science,
Several of you emailed me about a new book review by Maria Klawe, engineer and president of Harvey Mudd College, published in Science March 14. The book is called Girls Coming to Tech! A History of American Engineering Education for Women by Amy Sue Bix. It's published by MIT Press. It covers how women broke into undergraduate engineering education in the US and how their numbers have increased. Coincidentally, I recently saw a chart about the best paying positions for graduating seniors in 2013. Most of the top ten paying jobs were in some variety of engineering. As we know, women are behind men in pay overall, and in the past, engineering hasn't been as welcoming to women as it might.
Klawe says before the 1970s, some of the "annoying assumptions" that women who wanted to be engineers encountered were that they were seeking a husband, that they must be unattractive, that they were usurping a man's spot, that they would waste their education, and that they would not be good at engineering. Bix addresses how women have faced and overcome these asssumptions and how enrollments in engineering by women have grown. At Klawe's own institution, for example, and at MIT, there is near parity between men and women in numbers of enrolled students today.
Klawe discusses how Bix, who is a historian at Iowa State University, shows the demands on women during World War II enabled them to show what they could do. For a while, as she documents, enrollment percentages increased, to a peak of 20.9% in 2002. The percentage has slipped back to 18-19 % overall, today, though. One of the parts of the story I didn't know was that students and/or student councils voted to admit women, not having the power to do so, but no doubt getting the attention of the administrators. I was expecting, and found, a big role for the earliest women engineers on the faculties. Bix focuses on MIT, Caltech, and Georgia Tech, but uses illustrations from other places as well.
The initial strategy each place pursued to was to admit a few women and "wait and see." How that proved unsatisfactory and got extended is detailed as well.
If you're looking to understand how engineering took its first steps towards welcoming women to the field, this book sounds like a good resource.
cheers,
Laura
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Laura---these issues sound so familiar. They are just like what we heard going into biology years ago. I think I'll get this for summer reading. I'm too busy right now, but I do have a girl interested in engineering every so often, so it would be good to have read this.
SSW
