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This Perspective discusses single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and explains how our understanding of the pathology of the disease will accelerate following the advances in spatial transcriptomics.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing rapidly and is already starting to transform cancer research and care. Here, the authors outline how AI could be incorporated into liver cancer management, highlighting areas with academic, commercial and clinical potential, as well as ongoing progress and pitfalls.
Bile acids have important roles in human metabolism and immune regulation. In this Perspective, Dorrestein and colleagues discuss the technologies and data science-related approaches that are improving our understanding of the diversity of bile acids and their multifaceted roles.
In this article, the authors discuss the use of total neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. They highlight ongoing trials and discuss future treatment options, including the potential use of multi-omics and artificial intelligence to facilitate treatment selection and prediction of response.
Cirrhosis recompensation is gradually gaining traction, but a definition for recompensation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related cirrhosis is currently lacking. This Perspective provides an overview of the natural history of NAFLD and discusses NAFLD-related cirrhosis recompensation.
This Perspective explores the relationship between screening endoscopy and colorectal cancer incidence, examining available evidence and offering insights into the discrepancies between real-world and trial evidence alongside potential pitfalls with interpreting the data.
Histological assessment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is essential for clinical practice as it outlines diagnosis and lays the foundation of medical care. This Perspective summarizes the advancements in digital histology and discusses current and future applications in NAFLD.
Tackling fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis, is critical in improving patient outcomes. This Perspective discusses potential strategies to develop better antifibrotic therapies in NASH, from the discovery process to future clinical trials.
The appendix is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis but the association remains unclear. In this Perspective, the authors consider the biology of the appendix with respect to its immunological function and the microbiome, and how this relates to its possible involvement in ulcerative colitis.
Health care contributes to the climate change burden, and measures should be taken to mitigate these effects. This Perspective discusses the carbon footprint of surgery in gastroenterology and hepatology and offers an overview of sustainable strategies.
Intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN) is a conserved mechanism documented in all vertebrates and it has a crucial role in energy homeostasis and metabolic processes. This Perspective provides an overview of IGN and discusses its importance in natural selection.
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are changing endoscopy and gastrointestinal surgery, including computer-assisted detection and diagnosis, computer-aided navigation, robot-assisted intervention and automated reporting. This Perspective introduces the role of AI in computer-assisted interventions in gastroenterology with insights on regulatory aspects and the challenges ahead.
The gastrointestinal tract is involved in COVID-19, gastrointestinal symptoms can occur and marked changes in the gut microbiota have been observed. This Perspective highlights interactions between the gut microbiota and SARS-CoV-2 infection and increasing interest in the gut–lung axis.
Secretory antibodies regulate intestinal bacteria, but their specificity and dependence on T cells have been matters of debate. This Perspective argues that bacteria-reactive antibodies are highly specific and that their production is under the control of T cells.
Archaea are an overlooked member of the human gut microbiota. This Perspective discusses key characteristics of archaea, their role in human health and physiology, and the clinical relevance of methanogenic archaea in the human gastrointestinal tract.
The history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a role model for successful basic, translational and clinical research. In this Perspective, the authors chart a timeline of breakthroughs in hepatitis C research, from discovery to cure.
Multiomics advance our understanding of disease progression and can facilitate drug discovery. In this Perspective, current knowledge and applications of omics platforms in inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and in identifying risk factors are discussed.
Ceresa et al. discuss machine perfusion technologies for liver preservation and transplantation, including the potential of hypothermic and normothermic machine perfusion to improve preservation time and organ quality, as well as the future applications of perfusion technologies.
In this Perspective, Duan, Young and Schnabl explore the effects of bacteriophages on the gut microbiota and the potential applications of phage therapy for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Limitations and challenges of phage therapy for gastrointestinal diseases are also discussed.
