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Kumari et al. show that host-derived extracellular vesicles capture systemic LPS and transfer it to the cytosol of immune cells via CD14-dependent endocytosis, triggering caspase-11-mediated gasdermin D activation and pyroptosis.
Evans, Blake, Longworth and colleagues identify and characterize a tumour-suppressive role for microglia that mediate a pro-inflammatory response to restrict brain metastasis in breast cancer.
Munk et al. show that exogenous NAD+, but not its precursors, induces metabolic changes in mitochondria affecting nucleotide metabolism with impacts on genomic DNA synthesis and genome integrity.
Cells use diverse mechanisms to rid themselves of dysfunctional or excess mitochondria. A study now shows that C. elegans sperm use a previously undescribed mechanism to rapidly expel single healthy mitochondria in membrane-bound structures called mitophers.
YTHDF family members are ‘readers’ of a common mRNA modification, but their effects on mRNA translation and stability have been disputed. A new study shows that YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 are post-translationally regulated through O-GlcNAcylation, unifying disparate results and pointing to environmental cues that could modulate YTHDF function.
Conferences are often held at different venues and feature innovative scientific programs; however, their design rarely changes, and barriers that exclude marginalized scientists persist. We discuss why this is a problem and offer suggestions for people and organizations seeking to create more inclusive and sustainable scientific meetings.
Liu et al. describe mitopherogenesis: the secretion of mitochondria in mitophers during sperm development in Caenorhabditiselegans, which is important to control the mitochondrial pool and ensure fertility.
Llorente, Blasco, Espuny and colleagues show that MAF regulates the genomic distribution of ERα and modulates the expression of metastasis genes via KDM1A, thereby driving metastatic spread in breast cancer.
Chen et al. report that the YTHDF family of m6A-RNA-binding proteins can be differentially regulated by the post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation, leading to differential regulation of the YTHDF proteins on translation and phase separation.
Sha et al. show that Borealin is a non-canonical methylation substrate for MLL1 that regulates phase separation of the inner centromeric chromosome passenger complex, and dictates genome integrity and tumour development in hepatocellular carcinoma.
How spatial organization in the cell is achieved on the organelle scale is unclear. A new study finds that tethering specific proteins near the surface of micelle-like paraspeckles modifies their properties and determines whether these subnuclear organelles are separate from, adhere to, or are engulfed by nuclear speckles.
Takakuwa, Yamazaki et al. show that the long noncoding RNA NEAT1 domains specify a set of proteins that localize to the outer shell and distinguish nuclear speckles from paraspeckles to preserve their structural identity.
Through a CRISPR-activation screen, Ravid Lustig et al. show that GATA transcription factors activate long-range Xist enhancers to upregulate Xist expression and initiate X chromosome inactivation in early mouse embryos.
Monteiro et al. show an alternating distribution of caveolae and invadosomes along collagen fibrils, whereby caveolae enhance integrin-mediated collagen uptake in an invadosome-activity-dependent manner to coordinate adhesion and extracellular matrix remodelling.
Reliable ways to identify senescent cells represent a bottleneck for understanding the roles of senescence in physiology and disease. This Comment examines the challenges of identifying senescent cells, revises existing recommendations for how to best assess senescence and discusses how emerging technologies can address these issues.
Wang et al. report that the secretory coat protein complex COPII undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation that is tuned by manganese in the cytosol, to impact lipoprotein secretion.