Featured
-
-
Article
| Open AccessThalamic nucleus reuniens coordinates prefrontal-hippocampal synchrony to suppress extinguished fear
The thalamic nucleus reuniens coordinates oscillations between the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex during emotional memory retrieval. Here the authors show that theta-paced optogenetic stimulation of this network can suppress the retrieval of aversive memories and prevent fear relapse after extinction.
- Michael S. Totty
- , Tuğçe Tuna
- & Stephen Maren
-
Article
| Open AccessDynamic emotional states shape the episodic structure of memory
Changes in people’s external environments lead to the segmentation of experience into discrete memories, or episodes. Here, the authors show that dynamic fluctuations in internal states, namely musically elicited emotions, also shape the episodic structure of memories.
- Mason McClay
- , Matthew E. Sachs
- & David Clewett
-
Article
| Open AccessOligodendrocyte dynamics dictate cognitive performance outcomes of working memory training in mice
How and to what extent oligodendrocytes (OLs) contribute to learning and cognition is not well understood. Here, the authors show that the performance of mice in working memory-dependent cognitive tasks depends on OL genesis and is proportional to the number of OL precursors and OLs generated during training.
- Takahiro Shimizu
- , Stuart G. Nayar
- & William D. Richardson
-
Article
| Open AccessActivity-dependent organization of prefrontal hub-networks for associative learning and signal transformation
Neuronal populations in the prefrontal cortex are involved in associative learning. Here the authors use longitudinal imaging and computational approaches in the mouse prefrontal cortex to observe changes in neuronal ensembles during fear conditioning.
- Masakazu Agetsuma
- , Issei Sato
- & Takeharu Nagai
-
Article
| Open AccessMapping the spatial transcriptomic signature of the hippocampus during memory consolidation
Transcriptional events are critical for hippocampus-dependent long-term memory storage. Here, the authors utilize spatial transcriptomics to elucidate localized gene expression patterns across hippocampal subregions during memory consolidation.
- Yann Vanrobaeys
- , Utsav Mukherjee
- & Snehajyoti Chatterjee
-
Article
| Open AccessTime-dependent memory transformation in hippocampus and neocortex is semantic in nature
Memories are transformed over time. Here, the authors show that this transformation is semantic in nature and linked to transformed event representations in neocortex and increased pattern reinstatement in the posterior hippocampus, while they find no credible evidence for a perceptual transformation.
- Valentina Krenz
- , Arjen Alink
- & Lars Schwabe
-
Article
| Open AccessSocial memory deficit caused by dysregulation of the cerebellar vermis
Social memory integrates past experiences into social interactions by distinguishing familiar from novel conspecifics. In this study, the authors delineated a role of the cerebellum in organizing the neural matrix required for social memory.
- Owen Y. Chao
- , Salil Saurav Pathak
- & Yi-Mei Yang
-
Article
| Open AccessSensory cortex plasticity supports auditory social learning
Social learning through observing conspecifics can facilitate the acquisition of behaviors. Here, the authors show in Mongolian gerbils that auditory cortex is necessary for social learning of an auditory discrimination task, and that social exposure improves neuronal coding of auditory task cues.
- Nihaad Paraouty
- , Justin D. Yao
- & Dan H. Sanes
-
Article
| Open AccessNeurofunctional underpinnings of individual differences in visual episodic memory performance
The neural basis of individual differences in episodic memory performance is not well understood. Here, the authors show in a large fMRI dataset that activity of the hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex accounts for individual variability in memory performance.
- Léonie Geissmann
- , David Coynel
- & Dominique J. F. de Quervain
-
Article
| Open AccessLocating causal hubs of memory consolidation in spontaneous brain network in male mice
How long-lasting memory is formed remains incompletely understood. Here, using fMRI and hub silencing, the authors discovered causal network hubs that are instrumental in consolidating memory and contributing to network reorganization.
- Zengmin Li
- , Dilsher Athwal
- & Kai-Hsiang Chuang
-
Article
| Open AccessAcetylcholine modulates the temporal dynamics of human theta oscillations during memory
Memory loss is a known result of cholinergic dysfunction, yet the neural basis for this effect remains unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the way cholinergic blockade disrupts memory is by impairing the amplitude and timing of theta oscillations.
- Tamara Gedankien
- , Ryan Joseph Tan
- & Bradley Lega
-
Article
| Open AccessCritical dynamics arise during structured information presentation within embodied in vitro neuronal networks
The conditions under which networks of neurons exhibit critical dynamics remains unclear. Here, the authors investigate how simple neural cultures reorganize activity when embodied in a gameplay environment and find that network wide neural criticality arises in nuanced ways.
- Forough Habibollahi
- , Brett J. Kagan
- & Chris French
-
Article
| Open AccessCycles of goal silencing and reactivation underlie complex problem-solving in primate frontal and parietal cortex
Simple working memory tasks show sustained neural firing in frontal and parietal cortex. Here, the authors show cycles of target silencing and reactivation that are more restricted to single targets in parietal than frontal cortex.
- Kei Watanabe
- , Mikiko Kadohisa
- & John Duncan
-
Article
| Open AccessNorepinephrine release in the cerebellum contributes to aversive learning
The role of norepinephrine in cerebellum during fear learning is not fully understood. Here the authors investigate the role of a pathway from locus coeruleus to the cerebellum that contributes to fear memory formation.
- Adrien T. Stanley
- , Michael R. Post
- & Maria Concetta Miniaci
-
Article
| Open AccessBackbone spiking sequence as a basis for preplay, replay, and default states in human cortex
Sequential neural spiking activity is a potential substrate for learning and memory across species. Here, the authors showed spiking in the human cortex forms an average backbone sequence, and flexibility around this backbone is associated with cognition.
- Alex P. Vaz
- , John H. Wittig Jr.
- & Kareem A. Zaghloul
-
Article
| Open AccessPinging the brain to reveal the hidden attentional priority map using encephalography
Past experience with environmental regularities can influence attentional priority. Here the authors show that when observers have learned to expect information in certain locations during a visual search task, such otherwise hidden attentional biases can be visualized through neural responses evoked by the presentation of sudden task-irrelevant visual input (‘pings’).
- Dock H. Duncan
- , Dirk van Moorselaar
- & Jan Theeuwes
-
Article
| Open AccessHippocampal ensemble dynamics and memory performance are modulated by respiration during encoding
Breathing might be crucial for cognition during both offline and online brain states. Here, the authors show that temporal apnea induced by activating the PreBötzinger complex during memory formation resulted in memory impairments.
- Nozomu H. Nakamura
- , Hidemasa Furue
- & Yoshitaka Oku
-
Article
| Open AccessLocomotion modulates olfactory learning through proprioception in C. elegans
Locomotion affects learning with unknown neural mechanisms. Here, authors show that locomotion enhances olfactory learning in C. elegans by transmitting proprioceptive information from mechanosensitive motor neurons to higher-order interneurons.
- Xu Zhan
- , Chao Chen
- & Ping Liu
-
Article
| Open AccessThe behavioral signature of stepwise learning strategy in male rats and its neural correlate in the basal forebrain
How animals learn that reward is predicted by multi-event sequences consisting of sensory stimuli and actions remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that such learning starts from the event closest to the reward and sequentially incorporates earlier events.
- Hachi E. Manzur
- , Ksenia Vlasov
- & Shih-Chieh Lin
-
Article
| Open AccessRe-expression of CA1 and entorhinal activity patterns preserves temporal context memory at long timescales
How hippocampal area CA1 and the entorhinal cortex preserve temporal memories over long timescales is not known. Here, the authors show using 7T fMRI, that temporal context memory for scene images is predicted by the re-expression of CA1 and entorhinal cortex activity patterns during subsequent encounters over a period of months.
- Futing Zou
- , Guo Wanjia
- & Sarah DuBrow
-
Article
| Open AccessNucleus reuniens transiently synchronizes memory networks at beta frequencies
The prefrontal cortex interacts with the hippocampus to guide memory, but the mechanisms driving functional connectivity are unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the nucleus reuniens elicits synchronizations at beta (15–30 Hz) rhythms during retrieval.
- Maanasa Jayachandran
- , Tatiana D. Viena
- & Timothy A. Allen
-
Article
| Open AccessInheritance of associative memories and acquired cellular changes in C. elegans
Here the authors demonstrate that in C. elegans, aversive associative memory and associated cellular changes, are passed on to F1 and F2 progeny.
- Noa Deshe
- , Yifat Eliezer
- & Alon Zaslaver
-
Article
| Open AccessSystems consolidation induces multiple memory engrams for a flexible recall strategy in observational fear memory in male mice
In observational contextual fear conditioning (OCFC), animals learn to fear the context in which they witnessed a demonstrator’s aversive experience. Here, the authors show that recall of OCFC relies on different brain areas, depending on recency of the experience and the observer’s current context.
- Joseph I. Terranova
- , Jun Yokose
- & Takashi Kitamura
-
Article
| Open AccessClosed-loop brain stimulation augments fear extinction in male rats
Whether fear memories can be attenuated through on demand electrical stimulation remains unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate that fear extinction can be augmented through closed-loop stimulation of the reward system, guided by hippocampal SWRs.
- Rodrigo Ordoñez Sierra
- , Lizeth Katherine Pedraza
- & Antal Berényi
-
Article
| Open AccessVentromedial prefrontal neurons represent self-states shaped by vicarious fear in male mice
Observational fear is accompanied by both freezing and escape behavior in rodents. Here, the authors show that ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) inhibition disrupts escape behavior specifically, and that vmPFC neural activity represents intermingled information of other- and self-states.
- Ziyan Huang
- , Myung Chung
- & Teruhiro Okuyama
-
Article
| Open AccessLearning in a sensory cortical microstimulation task is associated with elevated representational stability
Cortical representations exhibit variable levels of stability, potentially impacting learning. Here, using an optogenetic cortical microstimulation task, the authors show that faster learning takes place in mice with more stable microstimulation responses.
- Ravi Pancholi
- , Lauren Ryan
- & Simon Peron
-
Article
| Open AccessThe intersection of the retrieval state and internal attention
People are thought to engage a retrieval brain state when they bring to mind past experiences. Here, using multivariate pattern classification analyses across experimental paradigms, the author shows that internal attention is a central process of the retrieval state.
- Nicole M. Long
-
Article
| Open AccessLearning-induced reorganization of number neurons and emergence of numerical representations in a biologically inspired neural network
How the brain represents numbers remains poorly understood. Here, the authors uncover the emergence of absolute and relative magnitude representations of quantity in a biologically-inspired neural network, mirroring observations in children during numerical skill acquisition.
- Percy K. Mistry
- , Anthony Strock
- & Vinod Menon
-
Article
| Open AccessMicrostructural and functional plasticity following repeated brain stimulation during cognitive training in older adults
The neural mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of behavioural training in combination with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are not well understood. Here, the authors combine cognitive training with tDCS, showing a modulation of prefrontal white and grey matter microstructure, and increased prefrontal functional connectivity.
- Daria Antonenko
- , Anna Elisabeth Fromm
- & Agnes Flöel
-
Article
| Open AccessFunctional specialization and interaction in the amygdala-hippocampus circuit during working memory processing
The function of the hippocampus and the amygdala in working memory are still not well understood. Here, the authors identified a functional specialization within the amygdala-hippocampal circuit and stage-dependent information flow during working memory.
- Jin Li
- , Dan Cao
- & Tianzi Jiang
-
Article
| Open AccessA rapid theta network mechanism for flexible information encoding
Filtering or gating relevant information into working memory has been attributed to the striatum. Here, the authors reveal neocortical filtering mechanisms, namely, rapid changes in oscillatory theta networks, that predict fast and flexible human behavior.
- Elizabeth L. Johnson
- , Jack J. Lin
- & David Badre
-
Article
| Open AccessTask-specific modulation of corticospinal neuron activity during motor learning in mice
Corticospinal activity is temporally coded with precise movements in mice. Here the authors investigate the role of corticospinal neuron activity in motor cortex during the learning of either a precise or imprecise task.
- Najet Serradj
- , Francesca Marino
- & Edmund Hollis
-
Article
| Open AccessDynamic and stable hippocampal representations of social identity and reward expectation support associative social memory in male mice
The ability to recognize an individual and retrieve related information is crucial for social animals. Here, the authors employ a new social recognition paradigm to show that dorsal CA1 neurons distinguish individual mice and encode associated reward information.
- Eunji Kong
- , Kyu-Hee Lee
- & Doyun Lee
-
Article
| Open AccessSingle-neuron mechanisms of neural adaptation in the human temporal lobe
Behavioural adaptation from semantic priming is accompanied by reduced neural activity in bulk-tissue measurements, but the underlying single neuron mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors leverage simultaneous intracranial EEG and single neuron spiking recordings in the human medial temporal lobe to unveil differential sharpening and fatiguing mechanisms across different temporal lobe areas.
- Thomas P. Reber
- , Sina Mackay
- & Florian Mormann
-
Article
| Open AccessCross-stage neural pattern similarity in the hippocampus predicts false memory derived from post-event inaccurate information
The neural processes underlying the misinformation effect, where post-event information can alter memory, are not well understood. Here, the authors show that during the memory test phase, misinformation competes with original information in the hippocampus to produce false memory.
- Xuhao Shao
- , Ao Li
- & Bi Zhu
-
Article
| Open AccessError-related signaling in nucleus accumbens D2 receptor-expressing neurons guides inhibition-based choice behavior in mice
The mechanisms that inhibit behaviors that lead to undesirable outcomes are not fully understood. Here, authors show error signaling via dopamine D2 receptor-expressing neurons in the NAc optimizes future choice by inhibiting incorrect behavior.
- Tadaaki Nishioka
- , Suthinee Attachaipanich
- & Takatoshi Hikida
-
Article
| Open AccessFunctional MRI reveals brain-wide actions of thalamically-initiated oscillatory activities on associative memory consolidation
Thalamic spindle activities may support memory consolidation. Here the authors show that optogenetically-evoked somatosensory thalamic spindle-like activity enhances memory performance in male rats.
- Xunda Wang
- , Alex T. L. Leong
- & Ed X. Wu
-
Article
| Open AccessDeterminants of functional synaptic connectivity among amygdala-projecting prefrontal cortical neurons in male mice
Little is known about the synaptic organization of associative cortical structures such as the medial prefrontal cortex. Here, the authors use two-photon optogenetic stimulation to obtain a detailed cellular resolution map of functional synaptic connectivity of the mouse medial prefrontal cortex, finding unique spatial patterns of local-circuit connectivity in neurons that project to the basolateral amygdala.
- Yoav Printz
- , Pritish Patil
- & Ofer Yizhar
-
Article
| Open AccessWorking memory control dynamics follow principles of spatial computing
It is unclear how cognitive computations are performed on sensory information. Here, neural evidence from working memory tasks suggests that the physical dimensions of cortical networks are used to update the status of sensory representations.
- Mikael Lundqvist
- , Scott L. Brincat
- & Pawel Herman
-
Article
| Open AccessFlexible reuse of cortico-hippocampal representations during encoding and recall of naturalistic events
How the brain builds memories from the complex, dynamic experiences that make up everyday life remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that memories for lifelike events are supported by stable representations of people, contexts, and situations that can be flexibly recombined into unique, specific instances.
- Zachariah M. Reagh
- & Charan Ranganath
-
Article
| Open AccessLow-dimensional encoding of decisions in parietal cortex reflects long-term training history
Posterior parietal cortex supports visual categorization in macaque monkeys. Here, the authors quantify low-dimensional neural population activity using tensor regression to find that long term training history impacts encoding of categorization.
- Kenneth W. Latimer
- & David J. Freedman
-
Article
| Open AccessGeneralized extinction of fear memory depends on co-allocation of synaptic plasticity in dendrites
How memories are modified by new experiences remain elusive. Here, authors show that specific or generalized modification of memories depends on whether synaptic changes associated with previous memories are segregated or co-exist in dendritic branches.
- Zhiwei Xu
- , Erez Geron
- & Wen-Biao Gan
-
Article
| Open AccessOptogenetic frequency scrambling of hippocampal theta oscillations dissociates working memory retrieval from hippocampal spatiotemporal codes
How temporal coordination of neurons in the hippocampus contributes to memory function is not well understood. Here the authors show that abolishing hippocampal theta oscillations lead to impaired working and episodic memory while leaving spatiotemporal codes intact.
- Guillaume Etter
- , Suzanne van der Veldt
- & Sylvain Williams
-
Article
| Open AccessTopographic representation of current and future threats in the mouse nociceptive amygdala
Adaptive behavior requires using both memories and ongoing experience. Here, the authors find that amygdala neurons topographically encode sensory stimuli including predicted versus ongoing threats to contribute to appropriate behaviors.
- Anna J. Bowen
- , Y. Waterlily Huang
- & Richard D. Palmiter
-
Article
| Open AccessNucleus accumbens circuit disinhibits lateral hypothalamus glutamatergic neurons contributing to morphine withdrawal memory in male mice
Lateral hypothalamus (LH) plays an role in drug addiction. Here, authors present evidence for disinhibited LH glutamatergic neurons by neural circuits from nucleus accumbens to contribute to context-induced expression of morphine withdrawal memory.
- Huan Sheng
- , Chao Lei
- & Ping Zheng
-
Article
| Open AccessCerebro-cerebellar networks facilitate learning through feedback decoupling
Behavioral feedback is critical for learning, but it is often not available. Here, the authors introduce a deep learning model in which the cerebellum provides the cerebrum with feedback predictions, thereby facilitating learning, reducing dysmetria, and making several experimental predictions.
- Ellen Boven
- , Joseph Pemberton
- & Rui Ponte Costa
-
Article
| Open AccessAn astrocytic signaling loop for frequency-dependent control of dendritic integration and spatial learning
How glial cells like astrocytes shape complex brain functions remains unclear. Here, the authors identified an astrocyte-mediated excitatory signaling loop between neurons and their own dendritic signal integration that supports spatial memory.
- Kirsten Bohmbach
- , Nicola Masala
- & Christian Henneberger
-
Article
| Open AccessMemory for nonadjacent dependencies in the first year of life and its relation to sleep
Grammar learning requires memory for temporally organised, rule-based patterns in speech. Here, the authors use event-related potentials to show that 6 to 8 month-old infants can form memory of dependencies between nonadjacent elements in sentences of an unknown language, regardless of whether they nap or stay awake after encoding.
- Manuela Friedrich
- , Matthias Mölle
- & Angela D. Friederici
-
Article
| Open AccessHippocampus as a sorter and reverberatory integrator of sensory inputs
How the hippocampus sorts and integrates multiple sensory inputs during learning remains unclear. Here, the authors found that the hippocampus uses reverberatory activity to link conditioned and unconditioned stimuli and to avoid crosstalk during sensory inputs.
- Masanori Nomoto
- , Emi Murayama
- & Kaoru Inokuchi