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Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium are vital in intestinal health and disease. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and discusses mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for these diseases.
Pouchitis is a common condition that can occur after intestinal surgery. In this Review, Shen discusses our current understanding of the multifactorial pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of pouchitis, primarily in patients with underlying ulcerative colitis.
Ageing and senescence are major risk factors for liver disease development. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of hepatic senescence, its role in liver disease progression and hepatocellular carcinoma, and discusses potential therapeutic strategies.
Here, an overview of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) is provided in gastrointestinal health and disease, highlighting their role in tissue physiology, immunity, inflammation and cancer. The biology and physiological function of ILC3s are described across different states and diseases along with a discussion on opportunities for therapeutic targeting.
In this Review, Whelan and colleagues summarize and discuss evidence for the effects of ultra-processed foods and food additives on gut health and diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer and irritable bowel syndrome.
This Review discusses the role of the gut microbiome in the conversion of primary to secondary bile acids and critically evaluates biochemical pathways that are less well understood. Insights into how secondary bile acid derivatives influence host immune function are also described.
The gut microbiota is an important modulator of the gut–brain axis. This Review provides an overview of barrier function across this axis and examines the role of the gut microbiota in communication across and between these specialized gastrointestinal and brain barriers in health and disease.
Coeliac disease is an autoinflammatory disease, with the only available treatment being a lifelong gluten-free diet. Alternative therapeutic approaches are needed. This Review explores the concept of tolerance-inducing therapies for coeliac disease, highlighting the underlying mechanisms, progress, challenges and future directions.
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are two complex and multifactorial conditions. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of dietary fibres, discussing physiochemical properties, microbiota interactions and therapeutic interventions for body weight and insulin resistance regulation.
Hepatic metabolic functions are altered in metabolic diseases. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of glucose metabolism in steatotic liver disease (SLD) and obesity, describes new techniques for hepatic glucose flux assessment and discusses how SLD treatments affect glucose metabolism.
RNA modifications are crucial in regulating mRNA translation. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying RNA modifications in mRNA translation regulation, and discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of targeting RNA modifications for liver cancer management.
In this Review, Argüero and Sifrim describe the core pathophysiological mechanisms involved in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). They also discuss the implications for clinical management of GERD.
