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Gasdermins (GSDMs) are proteins primarily involved in pyroptosis, among other cellular functions. This Review provides a comprehension summary of GSDM biology, focusing on the gastrointestinal tract and addressing clinical implications and future research.
Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its incidence is rising worldwide. This Review discusses the immunology of cholangiocarcinoma and provides a comprehensive overview of the preclinical and clinical immunotherapy studies.
The therapeutic landscape of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is changing. This Review provides a comprehensive overview discussing the current mCRC advances in precision oncology and suggests a treatment strategy for mCRC with rare genomic alterations.
In this Review, the authors discuss gene therapy involving the use of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors for the treatment of inherited liver diseases, including ongoing clinical trials that are producing promising results.
There is an increasing burden of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia. This Review provides an updated summary of the epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in this region and discusses risk factors and implications for prevention.
In this Review, the authors consider various paths to functional cure of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and the need to individualize therapy of this heterogeneous infection until a therapeutic avenue for all patients with CHB is available.
In this Review, Cowardin, Moore and colleagues discuss advances in our understanding of environmental enteric dysfunction in the context of intestinal adaptation and the gut microbiome during pregnancy, lactation and early childhood.
This Review discusses the current and emerging therapeutic landscape for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, including molecular-targeted monotherapies, immuno-oncology monotherapies, combination therapies and novel therapeutic approaches.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is closely associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and potentially provides unique insights into the gut–liver axis. This Review explores these links and provides an overview of the gut microbiome in PSC, including PSC–IBD, exploring related hypotheses of disease mechanisms.
Gastric and gastro-oesophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with a poor prognosis. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of current treatment strategies set on a molecular basis, and discusses future therapeutic avenues.
Pruritus in cholestatic liver diseases is a frequent symptom that impairs quality of life. This Review describes the mechanisms underlying cholestasis-associated itch, discusses potential pruritogens, and highlights therapeutic approaches to manage pruritus in various conditions, including primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
The use of antibiotics affects the gut microbiota. Fenneman and colleagues discuss the role of antibiotics in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of several inflammatory conditions that involve the digestive tract: types 1 and 2 diabetes, eosinophilic oesophagitis, coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease.
Global alcohol consumption has increased in the past two decades and is projected to increase further. In this Review, Loomba and colleagues discuss the global epidemiology of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, including risk factors, trends and projections.
Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oesophagus with distinct clinicopathological features and a relationship to other atopic diseases. This Review provides an updated overview of the pathogenesis and clinical management of EoE and discusses treatment options.
There are limited available treatment options for the management of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This Review provides an overview of the gastrointestinal endocannabinoid system and its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain in IBS.
Mucus, produced by goblet cells, provides the intestinal tract with an additional layer of protection. This Review discusses the role of mucus and goblet cells in intestinal health and disease, and dissects the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
The influence of nerves on cancer is beginning to be understood. This Review discusses emerging insights into the role of the nervous system in gastrointestinal cancer and of nerves as components of the tumour microenvironment, highlighting underlying mechanisms and its potential as a therapeutic target.
Genetic predisposition contributes to disease pathophysiology in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This Review provides a comprehensive overview of genetic research in IBS and discusses new concepts in IBS genetics.
Intestinal immune cell trafficking contributes to the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). This Review discusses the underlying immune cell trafficking mechanisms along the gut–liver, gut–joint and gut–brain axes and provides an overview of their implications for treatment options in IMIDs.
Experimental and clinical evidence supports a role of metabolic perturbation in the development of gut inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This Review discusses the role of diet and metabolic inflammation in IBD, outlining key concepts and highlighting the links between metabolism and inflammation in IBD.
