Research Highlight |
Featured
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In Brief |
Linaclotide for functional constipation in paediatric patients: phase III results
- Jordan Hindson
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Review Article |
Tolerance-inducing therapies in coeliac disease — mechanisms, progress and future directions
Coeliac disease is an autoinflammatory disease, with the only available treatment being a lifelong gluten-free diet. Alternative therapeutic approaches are needed. This Review explores the concept of tolerance-inducing therapies for coeliac disease, highlighting the underlying mechanisms, progress, challenges and future directions.
- Ludvig M. Sollid
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Research Highlight |
A role for the gut microbiota in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis
- Katrina Ray
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Research Highlight |
Effect of expectation of gluten intake on non-coeliac gluten sensitivity
- Jordan Hindson
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Evidence-based Guidelines |
Guidelines for best practices in monitoring established coeliac disease in adult patients
Coeliac disease is a chronic inflammatory disease triggered by gluten consumption in individuals with a genetic susceptibility. These Evidence-Based Guidelines provide recommendations for improving the health care of the patients and discuss future perspectives.
- Luca Elli
- , Daniel Leffler
- & David S. Sanders
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In Brief |
Phase III results for first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer
- Eleni Kotsiliti
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Review Article |
Environmental enteric dysfunction: gut and microbiota adaptation in pregnancy and infancy
In this Review, Cowardin, Moore and colleagues discuss advances in our understanding of environmental enteric dysfunction in the context of intestinal adaptation and the gut microbiome during pregnancy, lactation and early childhood.
- Carrie A. Cowardin
- , Sana Syed
- & Sean R. Moore
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Review Article |
Bench to bedside — new insights into the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disease affecting premature infants and causing substantial morbidity and mortality. This Review highlights key advances in the understanding of how NEC develops, discusses preclinical developments in potential therapies and provides a future outlook for the field.
- David J. Hackam
- & Chhinder P. Sodhi
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Review Article |
The global burden of coeliac disease: opportunities and challenges
Despite advances in testing for coeliac disease over the past two decades, awareness of this disease remains suboptimal worldwide. Here, Makharia and colleagues summarize the current knowledge of epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and follow-up of coeliac disease and highlight opportunities for future research.
- Govind K. Makharia
- , Prashant Singh
- & Julio C. Bai
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Review Article |
Revisiting fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease: the gut thickens
Intestinal fibrosis is an important feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that remains poorly understood. Here, D’Alessio and Ungaro et al. review the cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to intestinal fibrosis and discuss future therapeutic strategies for IBD-related fibrosis.
- Silvia D’Alessio
- , Federica Ungaro
- & Silvio Danese
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Roadmap |
Society for the Study of Celiac Disease position statement on gaps and opportunities in coeliac disease
Coeliac disease is a serious condition and a model disease that can shed light into the mechanisms that underlie autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. This Roadmap summarizes key advances in coeliac disease and provides recommendations from a consensus workshop to address the gaps and opportunities in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of coeliac disease, providing a path forward.
- M. Ines Pinto-Sanchez
- , Jocelyn A. Silvester
- & Elena F. Verdu
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News & Views |
Gut-derived T cells might cause brain injury in NEC
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute intestinal emergency in preterm infants, which is often later complicated by cognitive delay and neurodevelopmental disability. A new study performed in mice suggests that CD4+ T cells can travel from the NEC-inflamed gut to the brain and cause IFNγ-mediated brain injury.
- Jörn-Hendrik Weitkamp
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Year in Review |
Updates on systemic consequences of coeliac disease
Important studies published in 2020 highlight that coeliac disease is a systemic autoimmune-like disorder with the potential to result in serious long-term health consequences that might also occur outside the gastrointestinal tract. Ultimately, the results of these studies will enable the development of better strategies for the management of coeliac disease.
- Katri Kaukinen
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News & Views |
Faecal microbiota transplantation in IBS — new evidence for success?
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) aims to restore an altered microbiota and has been suggested as a potential treatment option for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), among other diseases. A new study suggests that the use of a so-called superdonor is necessary to successfully treat patients with IBS using FMT.
- Julia König
- & Robert Jan Brummer
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Review Article |
Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key actors in inflammatory bowel disease
Alterations in the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles of patients with IBD have been described. In this Review, Lavelle and Sokol discuss these alterations and their pathophysiological basis, and identify future targets for precision therapeutic modulation.
- Aonghus Lavelle
- & Harry Sokol
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Review Article |
Management of functional constipation in children and adults
Functional constipation is common in children and adults worldwide. Here, the authors provide an overview of the differing management strategies for childhood and adult functional constipation, including insights into epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy.
- Mana H. Vriesman
- , Ilan J. N. Koppen
- & Marc A. Benninga
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Comment |
Evolving therapeutic goals in ulcerative colitis: towards disease clearance
In ulcerative colitis, treating beyond endoscopic healing has shown a reduction of relapse and hospitalization, pushing for histological remission to be embraced in clinical practice and clinical trials. Here, we propose the concept of disease clearance (symptomatic, endoscopic and histological remission) as the ultimate goal in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
- Silvio Danese
- , Giulia Roda
- & Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
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Review Article |
Global burden of colorectal cancer: emerging trends, risk factors and prevention strategies
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. This Review provides a comprehensive summary of colorectal cancer epidemiology, with emphasis on modifiable lifestyle and nutritional factors, chemoprevention and screening.
- NaNa Keum
- & Edward Giovannucci
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News & Views |
Does early metastatic seeding occur in colorectal cancer?
During the metastatic process, cancer cells spread from the primary tumour to distant organs. Although metastases are the primary cause of cancer mortality, the dynamics of the metastatic process remain largely unknown. A new study suggests that during colorectal cancer progression, metastatic seeding might occur before clinical detectability.
- Alessandro Magrì
- & Alberto Bardelli
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News & Views |
Multi-omics in IBD biomarker discovery: the missing links
Multi-omics technologies in gut microbiome research provide a global view of changes in genetic, metabolic and biochemical processes. This approach has now been applied to the gut microbiota in the context of IBD, providing first steps towards a functional understanding of host–microbe interactions during disease pathogenesis.
- Amira Metwaly
- & Dirk Haller
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Review Article |
Macrophages in intestinal inflammation and resolution: a potential therapeutic target in IBD
Macrophages are the gatekeepers of intestinal immune homeostasis. This Review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the differentiation and function of intestinal macrophages in homeostasis and inflammation, and their role in resolving the inflammatory process.
- Yi Rang Na
- , Michelle Stakenborg
- & Gianluca Matteoli
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News & Views |
Cognitive behavioural therapy for IBS: results or treatment as usual?
Telephone or web-based psychotherapy has been suggested to be as effective as face-to-face psychotherapy while lowering access restrictions and improving patient acceptability. A large new study in patients with IBS shows the superiority of such an approach in comparison with treatment as usual.
- Paul Enck
- & Jeffrey M. Lackner
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News & Views |
Cellular diversity in the colon: another brick in the wall
Single-cell RNA profiling of colonic epithelial crypts from healthy volunteers and patients with ulcerative colitis adds pH-regulating colonocytes and goblet cells expressing a major determinant of barrier maintenance to the current arsenal of uncovered colonic epithelial cell types.
- Isabelle Cleynen
- & Debby Laukens
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Research Highlight |
Identifying a specific small molecule to reverse intestinal barrier loss
- Hugh Thomas
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News & Views |
Pregnancy, psychiatry and IBD: multidisciplinary care is crucial
In a new study, the risk of new mental illness postpartum was significantly increased in women with IBD, and specifically in those with Crohn’s disease. Disturbingly, the risk of a substance disorder was also elevated in these women. The findings highlight that disease management during pregnancy is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach.
- C. Janneke van der Woude
- & Ariella Bar-Gil Shitrit
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Review Article |
Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: rationale, challenges and potential
Ganesh et al. describe the rationale for using immunotherapy in select patients with colorectal cancer, discuss clinical findings supporting its use and highlight current strategies and future directions for expanding the scope of immunotherapy in this disease.
- Karuna Ganesh
- , Zsofia K. Stadler
- & Luis A. Diaz Jr
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Research Highlight |
Diet modulates T cell-induced colitis via microbial antigen expression
- Iain Dickson
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In Brief |
Bile salt hydrolases involved in the effectiveness of FMT for Clostridium difficile infection
- Clemens Thoma
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In Brief |
Autologous adipose tissue injection promising for treatment of perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease
- Clemens Thoma
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News & Views |
Risk assessment of probiotics use requires clinical parameters
Two recent papers show that probiotics colonize the gut in permissive volunteers only and delay the reconstitution of the microbiome after antibiotics treatment. In the absence of any clinical readouts, it is still difficult to extrapolate these observations in terms of short-term or long-term health consequences for patients.
- Philippe Langella
- & Jean-Marc Chatel
A crucial Fusobacterium nucleatum clade in colorectal cancer
B cells in colonic mucosal healing
Mapping the malignant transformation from polyps to CRC
Fungal strain-dependent inflammation in IBD
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Crohn’s disease
Mimicking coeliac disease in mice
Anti-tumorigenic endogenous gut bacteria in mice and humans
Coagulation and IBD — PAI1 provides the missing link
IL-22 assures gut homeostasis