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A study investigates the links between fine-scale populations and outcomes including healthcare use and disease risk in a Los Angeles biobank, unveiling crucial insights into healthcare disparities in the USA.
This Review outlines three ‘grand challenges’ to protect and promote health in the face of climate change, and discusses the role of the health community in driving change within and beyond the health sector.
Multimorbidity is increasing globally, and addressing it requires a shift in the prevailing clinical, educational and scientific thinking. This Review discusses emerging mechanisms, research challenges and the implications for patients and healthcare systems.
Adverse childhood experiences can negatively impact lifelong health; this Review discusses the underlying mechanisms and potential solutions, advocating for multisectoral interventions and implementation research.
Artificial intelligence in combination with human expertise could be the optimal approach to improving diagnostic accuracy while maintaining a safety net in clinical imaging.
This review explains how large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are developed and discusses their strengths and limitations in the context of potential clinical applications.
Genome-wide polygenic scores quantify inherited risk by integrating information from many common DNA variants and hold considerable promise for enabling personalized medicine. By integrating information on coronary artery disease (CAD) and CAD-related risk traits from genetic datasets that were larger and more diverse than those used in the past, we developed an improved multi-ancestry polygenic predictor for CAD.
Strategies to monitor and modulate gut microorganisms to improve immunity and responses to cancer immunotherapy are increasingly available, with opportunities to expand and iterate on these approaches to treat, intercept and prevent cancer (and other diseases) altogether.
Unexpectedly, new data show that clonal hematopoiesis is associated with protection from Alzheimer’s disease; it is imperative that future studies unravel the complex tissue–disease contexts in which clonal hematopoiesis arises and contributes to aging-associated diseases.
We show that integrating multi-omic approaches with ultra-rapid whole-genome sequencing improves diagnosis in critically ill infants and children with rare diseases and can be successfully delivered on a national scale.
We investigated the presence of genetic variants for 105 genes previously associated with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in over 100,000 women. We found that predicted damaging variants in these genes were commonly found in the heterozygous state in women that had menopause within the normal age range. This suggests that monogenic causes of POI are rare, and that POI is more likely to be a polygenic disorder.
A new study showing that genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to autistic traits calls for a fundamental realignment of the concepts and methods of genomics, with a critical understanding of the biosocial complexity of autism.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis dramatically increases the risk of colon cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Our study associates a newly discovered antigen-driven adaptive immune signature with the development of colorectal cancer in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and might help explain the high incidence of colon cancer in those patients.
In a person living with with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the recruitment of CD4+ T cells that recognize a co-pathogen in the central nervous system (CNS) resulted in localized inflammation and sparked HIV replication in the presence of suboptimal CNS anti-retroviral levels, leading to systemic virological failure. This case highlights the importance of considering inflammation and co-infection in HIV remission strategies.
A new study strengthens the association between urbanicity and mental health with more granularity than before, but a causative mechanism remains elusive.
The recently completed NCI-MATCH is one of the largest precision oncology trials undertaken to date; this Perspective discusses key aspects of its design and conduct, and lessons for future precision oncology studies.
The International Childhood Cancer Outcome Project group, involving survivors and other relevant stakeholders, develop a set of core outcomes to measure the quality of care for 17 types of childhood cancers.
The Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA), which includes data from 36 studies, is the most comprehensive representation of cellular gene expression in the human respiratory system to date. The HLCA serves as a reference for future cellular studies of the lung, enabling a better understanding of lung biology in health and disease.
With data from more than 500,000 adults in China, we assessed the association of alcohol use with a range of diseases reported in hospital records, using standard epidemiological and genetic approaches. We found that alcohol consumption was associated with higher risks of over 60 diseases in Chinese men, expanding the scope of known alcohol-related harms.
