In a person living with with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the recruitment of CD4+ T cells that recognize a co-pathogen in the central nervous system (CNS) resulted in localized inflammation and sparked HIV replication in the presence of suboptimal CNS anti-retroviral levels, leading to systemic virological failure. This case highlights the importance of considering inflammation and co-infection in HIV remission strategies.
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References
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This is a summary of: Lisco, A. et al. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome drives emergence of HIV drug resistance from multiple anatomic compartments in a person living with HIV. Nat. Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02387-4 (2023).
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Local immune activation shapes systemic HIV reservoirs. Nat Med 29, 1326–1327 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02388-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02388-3
