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CD1 presents lipid antigens to T cells. Intrinsic properties of microbial lipids, such as alkyl chain length, may be essential determinants of their efficient presentation to T cells.
The pTα cytoplasmic chain was initially thought to be dispensable for T cell development. A reanalysis of the pTα cytoplasmic tail now shows this domain plays a critical role in pre-TCR signaling.
What does Coxsackie virus have to do with diabetes? Evidence is emerging that insulin-producing β cells are highly susceptible to acute infection by Coxsackie virus if their production of interferon is inhibited, resulting in diabetes.
Lack of proper tools hampers early diagnosis and treatment of antigen-specific autoimmune diseases. A new strategy that makes use of peptide-MHC reagents could control recent-onset diabetes in mice.
The potential of hematopoietic stem cells to generate tissue-specific lineages varies with the criteria used to isolate such cells. New discoveries continue to refine our definition of what a hematopoietic stem cell is and what it can do.