Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
IL-1R1 signaling in neural stem cells reduces hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice, potentially affecting learning and memory. Using a new mouse model, we report that IL-1β drives cognitive impairment after infection with SARS-CoV-2, and that IL-1β-driven cognitive impairment can be prevented by vaccination, even in cases of breakthrough infection.
Improved understanding of CD8+ T cell function during HIV infection is vital to designing an HIV cure. We have identified a subset of lymph node CD8+ T cells that demonstrate simultaneous stem-like and effector properties and are strongly associated with viral control during SIV and HIV infection.
Humanized mice have been a valuable tool for modeling human immunology but are limited in their ability to model human antibody responses. Here the authors present their THX humanized mouse that does model human antibody responses and test its suitability for vaccination and autoimmunity studies.
In this Review, the authors summarize the literature around immune cancer cell STING signaling and how it is finely balanced between pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic functions.
Viiri and colleagues show that an orally administered transglutaminase 2 inhibitor prevented gluten-induced intestinal damage and inflammation at the transcriptional level.
Dendritic cells migrate to and from lymph nodes in response to chemokine gradients.Data now show that steady-state migration of these cells can be triggered by a mechanosensitive pathway.
SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to induce IL-1β-mediated neuroinflammation in humans and rodent models. Klein and colleagues show that low-dose COVID-19 vaccination prevents breakthrough infection-mediated hippocampal dysfunction and cognitive memory decline in mouse models.
Variation in inter-individual immune phenotypes can be influenced by both genetics and environmental factors. Using a range of different inbred strains of mice that were kept either indoors or in an outdoor enclosure — ‘rewilded’ — we found that both genetics and environment combine to dictate an individual’s immune profile and outcome to parasitic helminth infections.
Paiardini and colleagues describe a subset of lymph node HIV- and SIV-specific TOXhiTCF1+CD39+CD8+ T cells that coexhibit stem- and effector-like phenotypic and transcriptional profiles and associate with reduced viral burden.
Adaptation to hypoxia and immune escape are two hallmarks of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The d-serine isomer has now been identified as a factor produced by M. tuberculosis upon hypoxic conditions, dampening CD8+ T cell responses.
The developmental relationship between natural killer (NK) cells and other innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has been a subject of scrutiny in recent years. Two studies now identify an early precursor committed to the NK cell lineage.
Bhandoola and colleagues describe the existence of two pathways of NK cell development that generate functionally distinct NK cell subsets in mice, and which may be conserved in humans.
Immune responses are subject to circadian regulation, but circadian effects on antitumor immune response are unknown. Disruption of intestinal circadian rhythms is now shown to promote immunosuppression by altering the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in colorectal cancer.
Shlomchik and colleagues uncover a positive feedback loop between interleukin-12 and interferon-γ, which promotes extrafollicular plasmablast differentiation and suppresses germinal center formation.
Dendritic cells experience cell shape changes while migrating within the complex physical environment of tissues. Sensing of these shape changes modifies their migratory properties and imprints these cells with immunoregulatory properties.
