Physics articles within Nature Photonics

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  • News & Views |

    Sub-cycle confinement and control of phase transitions in strongly correlated materials are theoretically demonstrated, potentially providing a way to investigate electron dynamics on timescales previously unattainable with these materials.

    • Eleftherios Goulielmakis

  • Article |

    Microring-based vortex combs with each comb line carrying a distinct orbital angular momentum generate light springs with time-varying orbital angular momenta.

    • Bo Chen
    • , Yueguang Zhou
    •  & Jin Liu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A versatile cloud-accessible single-photon-based quantum computing machine is developed, which shows a six-photon sampling rate of 4 Hz over weeks. Heralded generation of a three-photon Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state—a key milestone toward measurement-based quantum computing—is implemented.

    • Nicolas Maring
    • , Andreas Fyrillas
    •  & Niccolo Somaschi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Time-resolved lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling spectroscopy is developed to investigate how the spin–orbit-split energy levels of a selenium vacancy within a WSe2 monolayer shift under phonon displacement. Ultrafast snapshots of the electronic tunnelling spectra reveal transient energy shifts up to 40 meV.

    • C. Roelcke
    • , L. Z. Kastner
    •  & Y. A. Gerasimenko

  • Article |

    Kerr resonators can support a new form of parametrically driven temporal cavity soliton (and associated optical frequency comb), with potential performance advantages that include background-free operation and the possibility of very high pump-to-comb conversion efficiencies.

    • Grégory Moille
    • , Miriam Leonhardt
    •  & Miro Erkintalo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Free-electron homodyne detection allows measuring phase-resolved optical responses in electron microscopy, demonstrated in the imaging of plasmonic fields with few-nanometre spatial and sub-cycle temporal resolutions.

    • John H. Gaida
    • , Hugo Lourenço-Martins
    •  & Claus Ropers

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A reflective spatial light modulator for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) or soft X-ray light is demonstrated in an electronic Wigner crystal material with a sub-90-nm feature size. The diffraction grating imprinted by sub-picosecond EUV beams is rewritable. The projected efficiency according to the modelling exceeds 1%.

    • Igor Vaskivskyi
    • , Anze Mraz
    •  & Dragan Mihailovic

  • Article |

    An optical readout technique for the chemical potential of an arbitrary two-dimensional material is realized using a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductor sensor whose optical response sharply depends on the chemical potential.

    • Zhengchao Xia
    • , Yihang Zeng
    •  & Kin Fai Mak

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nonlinear multidimensional spectroscopy that can image the sub-cycle dynamics of strongly correlated systems on the sub-femtosecond timescale is demonstrated by using the carrier–envelope-phase dependence of the correlated multielectron response to decode the complex interplay between different many-body states.

    • V. N. Valmispild
    • , E. Gorelov
    •  & O. Smirnova

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Using programmable integrated photonics to generate a higher-order free-space structured light beam promises lossless and reconfigurable control of the spatial distribution of light’s amplitude and phase with very short switching times.

    • Johannes Bütow
    • , Jörg S. Eismann
    •  & Peter Banzer

  • Article |

    Using a self-referenced attosecond photoelectron interferometry on helium atoms, the electron subcycle motion along the light propagation direction is observed in the 15 pm range. A time delay of 15 ± 10 as between the electric-dipole and electric-quadrupole transitions is also revealed.

    • Jintai Liang
    • , Meng Han
    •  & Hans Jakob Wörner

  • Article |

    Dynamic resonance fluorescence spectra beyond the Mollow-triplet are observed in a In(Ga)As quantum dot in a micropillar. Multiple side peaks, excitation-induced spectral asymmetry, and cavity filtering effects are experimentally observed and theoretically reproduced by a full quantum model that includes phonon-induced decoherence.

    • Shunfa Liu
    • , Chris Gustin
    •  & Jin Liu

  • Article |

    A skyrmion is a topologically stable field configuration. A non-local skyrmion, which has been hitherto elusive in condensed-matter physics, is realized by using entangled photons with a non-trivial topology. The connection between the notions of topology and entanglement is investigated, revealing topological invariance even when entanglement is fragile.

    • Pedro Ornelas
    • , Isaac Nape
    •  & Andrew Forbes

  • News & Views |

    Acoustic modulation of atmospheric air enables the deflection of laser pulses with a peak power of 20 gigawatts, expanding the acousto-optics toolbox to high-power laser manipulation in ambient air.

    • Günter Steinmeyer

  • News & Views |

    A coherent microwave-to-optical conversion scheme, previously feasible only under cryogenic environments, has now been expanded to ambient conditions by using Rydberg atoms.

    • Kai-Yu Liao
    • , Hui Yan
    •  & Shi-Liang Zhu

  • News & Views |

    Modelling shows how plasma density gradients can be tailored to compress optical pulses in the final stages of laser systems towards exawatt (1018 W) peak powers.

    • Brendan Dromey

  • News & Views |

    A large-angle twist between two bilayer graphene films makes a sensitive and broadband infrared–terahertz detector as a result of interlayer screening and a crystal field-induced bandgap.

    • Bingchen Deng
    •  & Fengnian Xia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Researchers propose a laser pulse compression method for exawatt to zettawatt lasers based on spatially varying dispersion of an inhomogeneous plasma. This may enable, for example, pulse compression of a laser pulse from 2.35 ps to 10.3 fs. The approach is robust at high intensities.

    • Min Sup Hur
    • , Bernhard Ersfeld
    •  & Hyyong Suk

  • Obituary |

    Vladimir Zakharov was a man of a strong passion and grand intellect, who was equally and deservedly proud of both his scientific achievements and his poetry.

    • G. E. Falkovich
    • , E. A. Kuznetsov
    •  & S. K. Turitsyn

  • News & Views |

    A scheme for fast, comprehensive characterization of high-dimensional quantum states could aid quantum applications in imaging and information processing.

    • Gregory Kanter
    •  & Prem Kumar

  • Article |

    A mid-infrared dual-comb system capable of nanosecond time-resolved spectral measurements is realized by using a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator that allows an efficient conversion of an input dual-comb pump at 1 µm into an idler dual comb in the mid-infrared regime.

    • David A. Long
    • , Matthew J. Cich
    •  & Gregory B. Rieker

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A cascaded hard X-ray self-seeding system is demonstrated at the European X-ray free-electron laser. The setup enables millijoule-level pulses in the photon energy range of 6–14 keV at the rate of ten trains per second, with each train including hundreds of pulses arriving at a megahertz repetition rate.

    • Shan Liu
    • , Christian Grech
    •  & Gianluca Geloni

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Continuous-wave conversion of a 13.9 GHz field to a near-infrared optical signal is demonstrated by using Rydberg atoms at room temperature. The conversion bandwidth is 16 MHz and the conversion dynamic range is 57 dB, descending down to 3.8 K noise-equivalent temperature.

    • Sebastian Borówka
    • , Uliana Pylypenko
    •  & Michał Parniak

  • News & Views |

    The demonstration of a low-loss diamond mirror cavity that can temporally store X-ray pulses brings hope for a future generation of X-ray free electron lasers.

    • Enrico Allaria
    •  & Giovanni De Ninno

  • News & Views |

    Platforms enabling control over strong light–matter interactions in optical cavities provide a challenging but promising way to manipulate emergent light–matter hybrids. Spin selectivity of transitions has now been demonstrated in a two-dimensional hole gas microcavity system, paving the way towards the study of new spin physics phenomena in hybrid excitations.

    • Hrvoje Buljan
    •  & Zhigang Chen

  • News & Views |

    Precise measurements of the length of an Earth day are essential for understanding global mass transport phenomena. A ring laser gyroscope provides absolute measurements of variations in the length of the day with a resolution of 5 parts per billion over a 14-day period.

    • Caterina Ciminelli
    •  & Giuseppe Brunetti

  • Article |

    Time reflection and refraction are experimentally observed in ultracold atoms. To this end, the time boundary is formed by imposing an abrupt change in the coupling strength of the atomic chain. Time boundary effects are robust against material disorder.

    • Zhaoli Dong
    • , Hang Li
    •  & Bo Yan

  • News & Views |

    A diffractive axicon (a device that diffracts the input light pulse radially) enables complex correlations between the topological charges and the frequencies of ultrashort laser pulses, resulting in a variety of ultrashort coiled light structures.

    • Spencer W. Jolly

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Researchers demonstrated coherent dissipative Kerr solitons with a conversion efficiency exceeding 50% and good line spacing stability. The results may facilitate practical implementation of a scalable integrated photonic architecture for energy-efficient applications.

    • Óskar B. Helgason
    • , Marcello Girardi
    •  & Victor Torres-Company

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Detecting the vibrations of individual molecules directly in the mid-infrared regime is hindered by thermal noise. Here researchers bypass conventional detectors and upconvert the mid-infrared photons into visible light using molecular bonds, yielding an optical readout for single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy.

    • Rohit Chikkaraddy
    • , Rakesh Arul
    •  & Jeremy J. Baumberg

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