Featured
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Editorial |
Electronics can be more sustainable
Integrated design assisted by materials and technology innovations can help a transition from traditional to sustainable electronics.
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Article |
Sequencing polymers to enable solid-state lithium batteries
Solid polymer electrolytes are crucial for the development of lithium batteries, but their lower ionic conductivity compared with liquid/ceramics at room temperature limits their practical use. Precise positioning of designed repeating units in alternating polymer sequences now allows the Li+ conductivity to be tuned by up to three orders of magnitude.
- Shantao Han
- , Peng Wen
- & Mao Chen
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Article
| Open AccessLi iontronics in single-crystalline T-Nb2O5 thin films with vertical ionic transport channels
The two-dimensional layered crystal structure of niobium oxide polymorph T-Nb2O5 exhibits fast Li-ion diffusion that is promising for energy storage applications. Epitaxial growth of single-crystalline T-Nb2O5 thin films with ionic transport channels oriented perpendicular to the surface are now demonstrated.
- Hyeon Han
- , Quentin Jacquet
- & Stuart S. P. Parkin
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News & Views |
Electrons lighter than ever
A two-dimensional conjugated polymer is synthesized that demonstrates low electron effective masses and high mobility. These properties show that this material could act as a viable alternative to silicon-based semiconductors.
- Shu Seki
- & Zhuowei Li
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Article
| Open AccessIon-tunable antiambipolarity in mixed ion–electron conducting polymers enables biorealistic organic electrochemical neurons
Silicon-based complementary metal-oxide semiconductors or negative differential resistance device circuits can emulate neural features, yet are complicated to fabricate and not biocompatible. Here, the authors report an ion-modulated antiambipolarity in mixed ion–electron conducting polymers demonstrating capability of sensing, spiking, emulating the most critical biological neural features, and stimulating biological nerves in vivo.
- Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh
- , Chi-Yuan Yang
- & Simone Fabiano
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News & Views |
Compound semiconductor devices for the skin
Nanomembranes of GaN grown by remote epitaxy form the basis of surface acoustic wave sensors in wireless electronic skins for health monitoring.
- Jong Uk Kim
- , Seung Gi Seo
- & John A. Rogers
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News & Views |
Stretching out transistors
Bioelectronics demand stretchable devices with steady performance under deformation. By combining an amphiphilic organic semiconducting polymer with tailored film processing, highly stretchable organic electrochemical transistors are demonstrated.
- Fabio Cicoira
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Review Article |
High-performance thermoelectrics and challenges for practical devices
Thermoelectric materials can generate energy from a heat differential. This Review provides an overview of mid- to high-temperature thermoelectrics, their application in modules, and the issues that need to be addressed to enable commercial implementation of state-of-the-art materials.
- Qingyu Yan
- & Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
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News & Views |
Breaking thermoelectric performance limits
Through meticulous care for detail, researchers have now shattered the ceiling on thermoelectric performance, achieving a figure of merit above 3 for bulk SnSe polycrystalline powder.
- Bo Brummerstedt Iversen
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Article |
High-performance organic pseudocapacitors via molecular contortion
Pseudocapacitors exhibit charge-storage mechanisms leading to high-capacity and rapidly cycling devices. An organic system designed via molecular contortion is now shown to exhibit unprecedented electrochemical performance and stability.
- Jake C. Russell
- , Victoria A. Posey
- & Samuel R. Peurifoy
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Article |
Thermally conductive ultra-low-k dielectric layers based on two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
Low-k dielectric materials are essential to allow continued electronics miniaturization, but their low thermal conductivity limits performance. Here, two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks are shown to combine high thermal conductivity with a low dielectric constant.
- Austin M. Evans
- , Ashutosh Giri
- & Patrick E. Hopkins
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Letter |
Hexagonal metal oxide monolayers derived from the metal–gas interface
A wide range of highly crystalline, two-dimensional layered metal oxides can be formed by controlled oxidation of the metals at the metal–gas interface.
- Bao Yue Zhang
- , Kai Xu
- & Jian Zhen Ou
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Review Article |
Triple ionic–electronic conducting oxides for next-generation electrochemical devices
Triple ionic–electronic conductors can be used in electrochemical devices, including fuel cells, membrane reactors and electrolysis cells. Current understanding in single-phase conductors including defect formation and conduction mechanisms are now discussed.
- Meagan Papac
- , Vladan Stevanović
- & Ryan O’Hayre
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Article |
Highly efficient luminescence from space-confined charge-transfer emitters
The use of rigid linkers to control the relative position and interaction of donor and acceptor units in exciplex emitters leads to the realization of organic light-emitting devices with enhanced external quantum efficiency.
- Xun Tang
- , Lin-Song Cui
- & Liang-Sheng Liao
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News & Views |
Making 2D topological polymers a reality
First-principles calculations predicted electronic topological properties for 2D honeycomb–kagome polymers, which have been now confirmed experimentally thanks to improvements in on-surface synthesis.
- Yu Jing
- & Thomas Heine
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Review Article |
Charge transport in high-mobility conjugated polymers and molecular semiconductors
Organic semiconductors are making their way into applications ranging from display technology to flexible electronics and biomedical applications. This Review discusses current understanding of charge carrier transport in these materials and strategies to improve their performance.
- Simone Fratini
- , Mark Nikolka
- & Henning Sirringhaus
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Article |
Ground-state electron transfer in all-polymer donor–acceptor heterojunctions
Doping through spontaneous electron transfer between donor and acceptor polymers is obtained by selecting organic semiconductors with suitable electron affinity and ionization energy, achieving high conductivity in blends and bilayer configuration.
- Kai Xu
- , Hengda Sun
- & Simone Fabiano
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Article |
Multi-cation perovskites prevent carrier reflection from grain surfaces
Methylammonium is shown to influence the crystallization process in hybrid lead halide perovskites, leading to a more homogeneous chemical distribution of caesium and formamidinium and improved charge transport between grains in multi-cation systems.
- Makhsud I. Saidaminov
- , Kristopher Williams
- & Edward H. Sargent
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Article |
Thiol-free self-assembled oligoethylene glycols enable robust air-stable molecular electronics
Chemisorbed molecules combining glycol-ether moieties and fullerenes are shown to form uniform and air-stable self-assembled bilayers on coinage metals, and are amenable to versatile functionalization by in-place exchange of the top layer.
- Xinkai Qiu
- , Viktor Ivasyshyn
- & Ryan C. Chiechi
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Article |
Biofuel powered glucose detection in bodily fluids with an n-type conjugated polymer
An n-type semiconducting polymer is used to realize an organic electrochemical transistor working as a glucose sensor and an all-polymer enzymatic biofuel cell able to power the sensor itself.
- David Ohayon
- , Georgios Nikiforidis
- & Sahika Inal
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Article |
Collective topo-epitaxy in the self-assembly of a 3D quantum dot superlattice
A structural investigation on the formation of 3D superlattices of colloidal PbSe quantum dots reveals a topotactic transition from the self-assembled phase of ligand-capped quantum dots to the epitaxially fused phase typical of conductive solids.
- Alex Abelson
- , Caroline Qian
- & Matt Law
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Article |
A multicolour bistable electronic shelf label based on intramolecular proton-coupled electron transfer
Electrochromic displays that are stable in the coloured state for up to 52 h with no applied voltage are fabricated using molecules hosting concerted intramolecular proton-coupled electron transfer processes.
- Yuyang Wang
- , Shuo Wang
- & Sean Xiao-An Zhang
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Article |
Double doping of conjugated polymers with monomer molecular dopants
A monomer molecular dopant with high electron affinity is shown to accept up to two electrons from conjugated polymers with low ionization efficiency and then generate free charge carriers with an efficiency of up to 170%.
- David Kiefer
- , Renee Kroon
- & Christian Müller
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News & Views |
Reducing localization
By inserting potassium into a 3D metal–organic framework band delocalization occurs, enabling mobilities and conductivities similar to organic polymers.
- A. Alec Talin
- & François Léonard
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Article |
Electron delocalization and charge mobility as a function of reduction in a metal–organic framework
A conducting metal–organic framework with charge delocalization by reductive potassium insertion is demonstrated. Integration into a field-effect transistor shows similar mobilities to semiconductors, with a mobility estimated to be at least 0.84 cm2 V–1 s–1.
- Michael L. Aubrey
- , Brian M. Wiers
- & Jeffrey R. Long
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News & Views |
Deformable inorganic semiconductor
Unlike conventional inorganic semiconductors, which are typically brittle, α-Ag2S exhibits room-temperature ductility with favourable electrical properties, offering promise for use in high-performance flexible and stretchable devices.
- Dae-Hyeong Kim
- & Gi Doo Cha
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Article |
Room-temperature ductile inorganic semiconductor
Inorganic α-Ag2S semiconductor, which has preferential slip planes in the crystal structure and irregularly distributed bonds of silver atoms preventing cleavage, demonstrates metal-like ductility at room temperature.
- Xun Shi
- , Hongyi Chen
- & Lidong Chen
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Review Article |
Sustainability and in situ monitoring in battery development
Significant progress in battery technology is crucial to ensure a transition towards a carbon-neutral society. Recent advances in both sustainability and operando techniques together with remaining challenges and possible solutions are now reviewed.
- C. P. Grey
- & J. M. Tarascon
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Article |
Reducing the efficiency–stability–cost gap of organic photovoltaics with highly efficient and stable small molecule acceptor ternary solar cells
Ternary organic blends using two non-fullerene acceptors are shown to improve the efficiency and stability of low-cost solar cells based on P3HT and of high-performance photovoltaic devices based on low-bandgap donor polymers.
- Derya Baran
- , Raja Shahid Ashraf
- & Iain McCulloch
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Article |
A multifunctional biphasic water splitting catalyst tailored for integration with high-performance semiconductor photoanodes
In photosynthesis the oxidation of water is a requirement for providing sufficient protons and electrons for fuel formation. A biphasic water splitting catalyst tailored for integration with high-performance semiconductor photoanodes is now reported.
- Jinhui Yang
- , Jason K. Cooper
- & Ian D. Sharp
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Article |
Carrier generation and electronic properties of a single-component pure organic metal
The electronic properties of bulk solids composed of zwitterionic tetrathiafulvalene-extended dicarboxylate radicals are investigated, showing highly conducting metallic behaviour in single-component molecular systems having only s and p electrons.
- Yuka Kobayashi
- , Takeshi Terauchi
- & Yoshitaka Matsushita
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Article |
Design of efficient molecular organic light-emitting diodes by a high-throughput virtual screening and experimental approach
A high-throughput virtual screening approach is used to select molecules with efficient, thermally activated delayed fluorescence. The good performance of several selected emitters in organic LED applications has also been confirmed experimentally.
- Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- , Jorge Aguilera-Iparraguirre
- & Alán Aspuru-Guzik
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Article |
Efficient hydrogen evolution catalysis using ternary pyrite-type cobalt phosphosulphide
Production of hydrogen by water splitting demands efficient Earth-abundant catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. An efficient ternary pyrite-type cobalt phosphosulphide catalyst for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production is now identified.
- Miguel Cabán-Acevedo
- , Michael L. Stone
- & Song Jin
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Article |
Photooxidation and quantum confinement effects in exfoliated black phosphorus
The degradation of exfoliated black phosphorus in ambient conditions may limit its use in electronic devices. The combined effects of light irradiation and exposure to oxygen on mono- and multilayers of this material are now investigated.
- Alexandre Favron
- , Etienne Gaufrès
- & Richard Martel
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Article |
Flexible n-type thermoelectric materials by organic intercalation of layered transition metal dichalcogenide TiS2
A flexible n-type material has been developed with a thermoelectric figure of merit of 0.28 at 373 K via the intercalation of organic cations between titanium disulphide monolayers.
- Chunlei Wan
- , Xiaokun Gu
- & Kunihito Koumoto
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Letter |
Layered memristive and memcapacitive switches for printable electronics
Memristors promise to emulate the appealing characteristics of biological neural systems. Solution-processed heterostructures are now shown to behave as memristive and memcapacitive switches compatible with printed electronics applications.
- Alexander A. Bessonov
- , Marina N. Kirikova
- & Marc J. A. Bailey
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Article |
Direct observation of ferroelectric field effect and vacancy-controlled screening at the BiFeO3/LaxSr1−xMnO3 interface
A combination of microscopy and spectroscopy techniques are used to directly observe a ferroelectric field effect and screening by oxygen vacancies at the BiFeO3/LaxSr1−xMnO3 interface.
- Young-Min Kim
- , Anna Morozovska
- & Albina Y. Borisevich
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Article |
Grains and grain boundaries in highly crystalline monolayer molybdenum disulphide
Despite recent progress in the synthesis and characterization of molybdenum disulphide, little is yet known about its microstructure. Using refined chemical vapour deposition synthesis, high-quality crystals of monolayer molybdenum disulphide have now been grown. Single-crystal islands and polycrystals containing tilt and mirror twin grain boundaries are characterized, and the influence of the grain boundaries on the material properties of molybdenum disulphide is assessed.
- Arend M. van der Zande
- , Pinshane Y. Huang
- & James C. Hone
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Article |
From local structure to nanosecond recrystallization dynamics in AgInSbTe phase-change materials
Phase-change materials are key components in rewritable optical disks and are promising for non-volatile electronic memories. The very different structure and ultrafast recrystallization dynamics of another class of phase-change materials, Sb–Te-based alloys, now suggests their use in future memory applications.
- Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- , Jaakko Akola
- & Rie Kojima