Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
The actions of growth hormone (GH) on growth and many other processes are well-described. This Review highlights clinical data from patients with acromegaly or GH deficiency, alongside data from cellular and animal studies, to reveal novel actions of GH in fibrosis, cardiovascular function and cancer.
Radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment is used in patients with thyroid cancer to treat disease and to eradicate normal thyroid remnants. Routine post-operative administration of RAI is no longer indicated in patients with low risk thyroid cancer and might instead be used selectively in patients with a post-operative high serum level of thyroglobulin.
This article discusses X chromosome agents of sexual differentiation. These agents could explain some of the sex differences in incidence and severity of particular diseases.
From April 2022, as part of the UK government’s new obesity strategy, it is now compulsory for all larger restaurant and cafes in the UK to include calorie labelling on their menus. Is this legislation, however, likely to be effective in reducing our caloric intake, thereby tackling obesity?
A recent study has generated compelling experimental data on the role of GPR177 and WNT5a in the pathogenesis and treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). The clinical value of these translational findings should be interpreted with caution. However, the limited efficacy of current treatments for PDN warrants further clinical studies on these novel pathways.
This article discusses evidence for the emergence of a different set of complications associated with diabetes mellitus from the traditional ones, outlines the risks and burden of these associated complications and considers implications for the future management of diabetes mellitus.
This Review highlights evidence that persistent enterovirus infections, particularly coxsackievirus B, trigger and/or accelerate islet autoimmunity in susceptible individuals, thereby leading to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The potential for vaccination or antiviral therapies to prevent T1DM onset is also considered.
The symptoms of long COVID and chronic adrenal insufficiency have striking similarities. Therefore, we aim to raise awareness of assessing adrenal function in patients with long COVID.
Menopause affects roughly half of the global population, yet many affected people do not receive the treatment they need. This Review discusses currently available menopausal hormonal therapies and novel pharmaceutical alternatives to manage menopausal symptoms.
By identifying a new means of communication between endothelial cells and adipocytes, researchers provide evidence that the endothelial cells actively provoke lipid release from adipocytes to support capillary growth. This crosstalk ultimately helps to maintain metabolic health in obesity.
Stem cells in the pituitary master gland remain mystifying; moreover, they have hardly been explored in humans. A new study applied transcriptome and chromatin accessibility profiling at single-cell resolution to human postmortem pituitary glands from individuals of different ages, thereby providing insights into the heterogeneity and regulatory mechanisms of the projected human pituitary stem cell population.
