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Exposing cerebral organoids and post-mortem brain explants to SARS-CoV-2 virus particles alters expression of synaptic proteins and potentially affects synaptic function by blocking LPHN3 and FLRT3 synapses.
Laboratory and clinical strains of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus use LDLR to bind and enter host cells in blood vessel organoids and mice. Infection can also occur through ApoE, possibly present on virus particles.
Cryo-EM analysis of the substrate-bound T9SS from Flavobacterium johnsoniae reveals an extended translocon complex and provides insight into protein secretion.
The FEAR pathway acts via FACT and ETS-1 and elicits antiviral responses against various DNA and RNA viruses independent of interferons, which are countered by poxvirus A51R proteins.
Extracellular vesicles carrying phosphatidylserine on their surface, found in large quantities in semen, saliva and breast milk, but not in blood, provide an innate defence strategy by blocking viral entry through competition for binding to cellular phosphatidylserine receptors, explaining why many viruses are transmitted by blood rather than by these body fluids.
Phosphatidylserine-exposing extracellular vesicles in body fluids can inhibit infection of viruses that use viral apoptotic mimicry for infection, but not viruses that use other entry mechanisms.
Integration of differential and conventional RNA sequencing and transposon mutant fitness data for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron grown under 15 different conditions provides an expression atlas, expands the regulatory RNA repertoire and reveals that the small RNA MasB regulates susceptibility to tetracyclines.
Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) prevents inflammation and lipid accumulation in alveolar macrophages to limit integrated stress response activation, macrophage necrosis and promote control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Phylogenetic analysis of halophilic archaea, including two previously undescribed clades, reveals four independent evolutionary adaptations to hypersaline environments, caused by duplications and horizontal gene transfers.
A ‘reverse translation’ strategy using gnotobiotic mice ascertains cause and effect relationships between bacterial members of the gut microbiota, dietary components and host physiology, which are difficult to establish in human nutritional trials.
Prevotella copri, together with other microbiota members, plays a key role in mediating the beneficial effects of a gut microbiota-directed complementary food for malnourished children on microbiota and host functions.
A DNA barcoding approach enables discrimination between bacterial strains that could not be distinguished with conventional microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing techniques.
WISH-tags can be used in combination with quantitative polymerase chain reaction or next-generation sequencing to decipher population dynamics at the strain level within plant and mammalian microbiotas.
Characterizing bacterial responses to mixtures of chemical pollutants reveals interactive effects among pollutants. Our study highlights the predictability and resilience of microbial responses to complex mixtures of pollutants, offering the potential for improvements in ecotoxicological assessments.
Testing 255 combinations of chemicals versus bacterial communities shows species diversity contributes to resilience against increasingly complex stressor mixtures.
Cryogenic electron microscopy analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis membrane-bound phosphoribosyltransferase Rv3806c provides mechanistic insight into cell wall precursor synthesis.
Single-molecule imaging reveals that peptidoglycan synthesis and synthase activity, rather than FtsZ treadmilling, are rate limiting and drive septum constriction in Staphylococcus aureus.