2022 tables: Institutions - biological sciences

The 2022 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021.

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# Institution Share 2020 Share 2021 Count 2021 Change in Adjusted Share* 2020–2021
1 Harvard University, United States of America (USA) 680.11 647.90 1844 -5.9%
2 National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America (USA) 372.76 385.17 961 2.1%
3 Max Planck Society, Germany 310.08 314.00 1190 0.1%
4 Stanford University, United States of America (USA) 326.23 311.46 780 -5.7%
5 Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China 275.72 266.55 1018 -4.5%
6 University of Oxford, United Kingdom (UK) 220.22 213.80 715 -4.1%
7 University of Pennsylvania (Penn), United States of America (USA) 190.03 211.80 590 10.1%
8 University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), United States of America (USA) 217.63 201.80 587 -8.4%
9 Yale University, United States of America (USA) 215.30 200.43 527 -8.0%
10 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America (USA) 200.79 195.06 898 -4.0%
11 University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), United States of America (USA) 194.35 186.76 576 -5.0%
12 University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK) 186.28 179.69 665 -4.7%
13 Columbia University in the City of New York (CU), United States of America (USA) 172.73 177.48 538 1.5%
14 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France 182.59 175.19 1425 -5.2%
15 Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL), United States of America (USA) 169.11 174.16 506 1.8%
16 Johns Hopkins University (JHU), United States of America (USA) 198.58 173.18 487 -13.8%
17 Cornell University, United States of America (USA) 158.67 162.46 521 1.2%
18 University of Michigan (U-M), United States of America (USA) 195.49 159.47 413 -19.4%
19 New York University (NYU), United States of America (USA) 138.59 153.08 424 9.1%
20 University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), United States of America (USA) 139.49 151.68 504 7.5%
21 The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern Medical Center), United States of America (USA) 137.61 150.86 295 8.3%
22 University of Washington (UW), United States of America (USA) 134.29 146.65 541 7.9%
23 University of Toronto (U of T), Canada 162.57 144.66 415 -12.1%
24 University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States of America (USA) 137.06 132.99 384 -4.1%
25 Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Germany 147.39 130.14 859 -12.8%
26 UCL, United Kingdom (UK) 126.28 129.14 544 1.1%
27 Duke University, United States of America (USA) 142.35 123.96 417 -13.9%
28 Peking University (PKU), China 93.13 123.95 378 31.5%
29 Northwestern University (NU), United States of America (USA) 117.84 112.26 271 -5.9%
30 The University of Chicago (UChicago), United States of America (USA) 105.66 110.02 294 2.9%
31 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland 89.12 101.03 333 12.0%
32 Vanderbilt University (VU), United States of America (USA) 96.91 99.66 263 1.6%
33 Princeton University, United States of America (USA) 90.71 97.36 241 6.1%
34 The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan 97.51 97.25 320 -1.4%
35 Zhejiang University (ZJU), China 76.77 95.96 263 23.5%
36 Imperial College London (ICL), United Kingdom (UK) 88.55 95.80 404 6.9%
37 National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France 80.32 92.94 897 14.3%
38 University of Zurich (UZH), Switzerland 94.40 92.92 384 -2.7%
39 Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), United States of America (USA) 84.70 91.45 296 6.7%
40 Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS), United States of America (USA) 79.43 90.76 377 12.9%
41 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), United States of America (USA) 93.85 89.74 322 -5.5%
42 University of Minnesota (UMN), United States of America (USA) 80.35 89.73 255 10.4%
43 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), United States of America (USA) 100.41 89.30 290 -12.1%
44 Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), Israel 71.89 88.87 194 22.2%
45 University of Pittsburgh (Pitt), United States of America (USA) 102.16 86.96 281 -15.9%
46 University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Denmark 78.95 86.94 385 8.8%
47 The Rockefeller University, United States of America (USA) 80.91 86.31 260 5.4%
48 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China 69.70 85.76 502 21.6%
49 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States of America (USA) 74.64 85.32 291 13.0%
50 University of California, Davis (UC Davis), United States of America (USA) 102.82 85.05 252 -18.3%
51 University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison), United States of America (USA) 83.87 84.52 238 -0.4%
52 Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), China 58.91 83.76 230 40.5%
53 Karolinska Institute (KI), Sweden 88.44 83.35 375 -6.9%
54 Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), China 59.02 79.69 295 33.4%
55 Tsinghua University, China 70.88 79.17 264 10.4%
56 McGill University, Canada 86.09 76.45 257 -12.2%
57 Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Germany 69.08 73.71 344 5.4%
58 The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (UK) 78.86 72.14 291 -9.6%
59 Fudan University, China 64.38 71.11 281 9.1%
60 The University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada 53.44 69.70 256 28.9%
61 The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), United States of America (USA) 74.52 67.95 179 -9.9%
62 The University of Queensland (UQ), Australia 70.17 67.67 246 -4.7%
63 University of Southern California (USC), United States of America (USA) 60.12 67.57 232 11.1%
64 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain 55.31 64.49 365 15.2%
65 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), United States of America (USA) 47.99 64.21 173 32.2%
66 Scripps Research, United States of America (USA) 65.66 63.59 178 -4.3%
67 Mayo Clinic, United States of America (USA) 56.56 63.34 205 10.7%
68 Monash University, Australia 45.54 63.34 238 37.5%
69 University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (UMass Chan Medical School), United States of America (USA) 50.82 61.26 202 19.1%
70 Emory University, United States of America (USA) 77.04 60.72 247 -22.1%
71 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (CU Anschutz), United States of America (USA) 41.11 59.97 175 44.2%
72 Indiana University (IU), United States of America (USA) 54.26 59.77 200 8.9%
73 University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland 55.08 59.66 229 7.0%
74 Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI), Israel 56.64 58.21 137 1.6%
75 Kyoto University, Japan 60.32 57.27 199 -6.2%
76 The Ohio State University (OSU), United States of America (USA) 55.67 57.18 173 1.5%
77 University of Basel (UB), Switzerland 45.74 56.87 198 22.9%
78 California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States of America (USA) 63.62 56.72 158 -11.9%
79 The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom (UK) 57.50 56.70 182 -2.6%
80 UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), United Kingdom (UK) 56.50 56.00 306 -2.1%
81 Utrecht University (UU), Netherlands 52.18 55.06 235 4.3%
82 University of Florida (UF), United States of America (USA) 50.46 53.84 188 5.5%
83 Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea 46.41 53.74 133 14.4%
84 Osaka University, Japan 44.38 53.72 170 19.6%
85 Leibniz Association, Germany 56.09 53.66 408 -5.5%
86 RIKEN, Japan 54.86 53.49 218 -3.7%
87 The University of Utah (Utah), United States of America (USA) 54.74 52.78 165 -4.7%
88 University of Virginia (UVA), United States of America (USA) 53.56 52.35 137 -3.4%
89 King's College London (KCL), United Kingdom (UK) 48.08 52.27 255 7.4%
90 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (St. Jude), United States of America (USA) 44.90 52.06 120 14.6%
91 The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), United States of America (USA) 65.04 51.76 177 -21.4%
92 National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 60.36 51.30 232 -16.0%
93 Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein), United States of America (USA) 35.67 51.29 156 42.1%
94 People's Liberation Army (PLA), China 45.01 50.51 234 10.9%
95 Catholic University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium 37.00 50.34 196 34.4%
96 The University of Melbourne (UniMelb), Australia 52.68 49.92 299 -6.4%
97 University of California, Irvine (UCI), United States of America (USA) 65.36 49.92 146 -24.5%
98 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (RU), United States of America (USA) 63.19 49.47 165 -22.6%
99 Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany 46.93 49.33 267 3.9%
100 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland 49.39 48.32 151 -3.3%

Footnote

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

  1. The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
  2. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals through 2022, in 2023 64 health-science journals were added to the Index. The 146 journals in the Nature Index were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
  3. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
  4. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.
  5. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2022 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.


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