2018 Research Leaders: Leading institutions

The 2018 Research Leaders are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017.

Table criteria

Position Institution Share 2016 Share 2017 Count 2017 Change in Adjusted Share* 2016–2017
1 Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China 1590.03 1535.47 4159 -4.8% Decrease
2 Harvard University, United States of America (USA) 876.39 907.76 2365 2.1% Increase
3 Max Planck Society, Germany 766.58 748.00 2331 -3.8% Decrease
4 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France 751.93 714.05 4205 -6.4% Decrease
5 Stanford University, United States of America (USA) 604.01 615.78 1560 0.5% Increase
6 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America (USA) 580.04 538.35 1767 -8.5% Decrease
7 Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Germany 530.33 514.88 2097 -4.3% Decrease
8 The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan 427.13 472.01 1183 8.9% Increase
9 University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK) 438.52 420.80 1268 -5.4% Decrease
10 University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States of America (USA) 385.00 409.71 1253 4.9% Increase
11 University of Oxford, United Kingdom (UK) 466.95 408.56 1218 -13.8% Decrease
12 Peking University (PKU), China 386.66 394.97 1325 0.7% Increase
13 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland 355.01 385.07 959 6.9% Increase
14 National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America (USA) 341.12 380.31 934 9.9% Increase
15 Tsinghua University, China 316.02 354.90 1108 10.7% Increase
16 University of Michigan (U-M), United States of America (USA) 321.62 336.04 943 3.0% Increase
17 University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), United States of America (USA) 331.42 329.31 892 -2.1% Decrease
18 Nanjing University (NJU), China 319.47 328.85 796 1.5% Increase
19 University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), United States of America (USA) 327.95 324.04 942 -2.6% Decrease
20 Columbia University in the City of New York (CU), United States of America (USA) 313.30 311.83 933 -1.9% Decrease
21 California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States of America (USA) 307.25 310.38 997 -0.4% Decrease
22 University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), China 275.60 308.81 797 10.4% Increase
23 Kyoto University, Japan 264.41 307.24 697 14.5% Increase
24 Yale University, United States of America (USA) 349.37 302.98 880 -14.5% Decrease
25 Northwestern University (NU), United States of America (USA) 284.00 296.58 778 2.9% Increase
26 University of Toronto (U of T), Canada 289.01 283.32 732 -3.4% Decrease
27 University of Pennsylvania (Penn), United States of America (USA) 260.64 279.54 719 5.7% Increase
28 University of Washington (UW), United States of America (USA) 267.76 271.94 919 0.1% Increase
29 The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), United States of America (USA) 289.22 269.01 716 -8.3% Decrease
30 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China 159.16 261.17 1407 61.8% Increase
31 Cornell University, United States of America (USA) 257.79 261.10 813 -0.2% Decrease
32 University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison), United States of America (USA) 260.11 257.40 752 -2.5% Decrease
33 Princeton University, United States of America (USA) 229.05 251.14 732 8.1% Increase
34 Zhejiang University (ZJU), China 220.35 243.85 592 9.1% Increase
35 Johns Hopkins University (JHU), United States of America (USA) 244.24 243.47 857 -1.7% Decrease
36 Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 234.58 242.52 572 1.9% Increase
37 National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 210.15 230.80 591 8.3% Increase
38 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), United States of America (USA) 251.42 224.99 665 -11.8% Decrease
39 The University of Chicago (UChicago), United States of America (USA) 208.60 224.92 760 6.3% Increase
40 Imperial College London (ICL), United Kingdom (UK) 216.14 210.14 842 -4.2% Decrease
41 Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL), United States of America (USA) 193.40 209.23 467 6.6% Increase
42 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland 234.26 208.06 577 -12.5% Decrease
43 Fudan University, China 184.73 206.35 496 10.1% Increase
44 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain 216.70 203.17 1175 -7.6% Decrease
45 University of Minnesota (UMN), United States of America (USA) 233.94 203.17 648 -14.4% Decrease
46 University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), United States of America (USA) 188.13 200.57 571 5.1% Increase
47 The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), United States of America (USA) 203.65 200.33 577 -3.0% Decrease
48 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), United States of America (USA) 182.55 197.60 535 6.7% Increase
49 UCL, United Kingdom (UK) 202.91 189.78 746 -7.8% Decrease
50 Osaka University, Japan 196.71 188.74 493 -5.4% Decrease
51 University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP), United States of America (USA) 176.57 187.44 737 4.6% Increase
52 Leibniz Association, Germany 208.56 186.77 767 -11.7% Decrease
53 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA) 180.09 186.01 876 1.8% Increase
54 University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), United States of America (USA) 201.29 185.58 540 -9.1% Decrease
55 Duke University, United States of America (USA) 210.00 182.07 589 -14.5% Decrease
56 Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Germany 181.46 181.17 622 -1.6% Decrease
57 University of Colorado Boulder (CU-Boulder), United States of America (USA) 169.39 178.02 716 3.6% Increase
58 Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia 172.05 176.80 820 1.3% Increase
59 Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), Israel 181.09 175.48 424 -4.5% Decrease
60 Texas A&M University (TAMU), United States of America (USA) 135.96 171.77 554 24.5% Increase
61 New York University (NYU), United States of America (USA) 165.96 170.97 519 1.5% Increase
62 Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), China 127.74 170.86 553 31.9% Increase
63 University of California, Irvine (UCI), United States of America (USA) 164.50 166.14 468 -0.4% Decrease
64 The University of Manchester (UoM), United Kingdom (UK) 156.60 164.94 551 3.8% Increase
65 Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea 165.97 164.43 462 -2.3% Decrease
66 Soochow University, China 150.07 161.36 307 6.0% Increase
67 Wuhan University (WHU), China 122.07 161.32 358 30.3% Increase
68 Nankai University (NKU), China 153.16 156.79 441 0.9% Increase
69 The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (UK) 136.19 156.18 629 13.0% Increase
70 University of Bristol (UoB), United Kingdom (UK) 119.03 154.01 483 27.5% Increase
71 The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern Medical Center), United States of America (USA) 127.94 153.65 297 18.4% Increase
72 RIKEN, Japan 155.91 153.05 570 -3.2% Decrease
73 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea 157.77 152.95 317 -4.4% Decrease
74 Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), China 117.52 152.26 392 27.7% Increase
75 University of California, Davis (UC Davis), United States of America (USA) 145.03 151.15 517 2.7% Increase
76 University of Pittsburgh (Pitt), United States of America (USA) 145.11 149.98 530 1.9% Increase
77 Purdue University, United States of America (USA) 145.75 148.93 409 0.7% Increase
78 Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), United States of America (USA) 145.87 148.58 426 0.4% Increase
79 Scripps Research, United States of America (USA) 153.80 148.17 322 -5.0% Decrease
80 McGill University, Canada 174.11 148.03 525 -16.2% Decrease
81 Xiamen University (XMU), China 124.40 146.20 271 15.8% Increase
82 Tohoku University, Japan 175.70 142.97 458 -19.8% Decrease
83 University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Denmark 151.21 140.80 559 -8.2% Decrease
84 The University of Utah (Utah), United States of America (USA) 109.49 137.06 333 23.4% Increase
85 The Ohio State University (OSU), United States of America (USA) 145.93 135.74 565 -8.3% Decrease
86 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States of America (USA) 151.14 135.39 696 -11.7% Decrease
87 Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany 145.35 132.34 477 -10.3% Decrease
88 Utrecht University (UU), Netherlands 121.72 131.25 630 6.3% Increase
89 Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech), Japan 138.53 130.47 353 -7.2% Decrease
90 University of Zurich (UZH), Switzerland 144.15 129.89 595 -11.2% Decrease
91 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (RU), United States of America (USA) 156.87 129.75 474 -18.5% Decrease
92 Sichuan University (SCU), China 101.02 126.91 243 23.8% Increase
93 Heidelberg University (Uni Heidelberg), Germany 126.00 126.73 547 -0.9% Decrease
94 The University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada 130.27 122.79 412 -7.1% Decrease
95 Vanderbilt University (VU), United States of America (USA) 116.22 121.90 468 3.4% Increase
96 Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA) 122.78 121.87 621 -2.2% Decrease
97 University of Southern California (USC), United States of America (USA) 134.66 121.60 318 -11.0% Decrease
98 Nagoya University, Japan 132.62 121.18 373 -9.9% Decrease
99 Catholic University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium 115.13 120.31 335 3.0% Increase
100 University of Florida (UF), United States of America (USA) 113.89 119.64 550 3.6% Increase
101 The University of Queensland (UQ), Australia 119.08 119.26 387 -1.3% Decrease
102 National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy 120.25 119.04 661 -2.4% Decrease
103 University of Würzburg (JMU), Germany 100.59 118.88 316 16.5% Increase
104 Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA) 111.22 117.67 389 4.3% Increase
105 Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI), Israel 121.21 116.94 288 -4.9% Decrease
106 Rice University, United States of America (USA) 106.07 116.51 398 8.3% Increase
107 Hokkaido University, Japan 118.32 116.17 275 -3.2% Decrease
108 Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China 91.91 115.91 289 24.3% Increase
109 National Research Council (CNR), Italy 126.18 114.37 533 -10.7% Decrease
110 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), United States of America (USA) 90.44 113.52 294 23.7% Increase
111 University of Münster (WWU), Germany 102.36 112.55 275 8.4% Increase
112 University of Groningen (RUG), Netherlands 104.36 112.12 372 5.9% Increase
113 Monash University, Australia 132.42 112.09 412 -16.6% Decrease
114 University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland 116.98 111.41 396 -6.1% Decrease
115 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia 107.33 110.70 232 1.7% Increase
116 The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), China 101.19 110.48 324 7.6% Increase
117 Lanzhou University (LZU), China 101.21 108.77 200 5.9% Increase
118 Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain 119.22 107.99 384 -10.7% Decrease
119 Sorbonne University, France 104.31 107.65 1080 1.7% Increase
120 University of Basel (UB), Switzerland 101.84 106.87 319 3.4% Increase
121 University of Göttingen, Germany 97.99 105.17 321 5.8% Increase
122 University of California, Riverside (UCR), United States of America (USA) 99.09 104.19 294 3.6% Increase
123 University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Australia 122.46 102.88 326 -17.2% Decrease
124 Arizona State University (ASU), United States of America (USA) 95.65 102.77 336 5.9% Increase
125 Indiana University (IU), United States of America (USA) 114.91 102.21 429 -12.3% Decrease
126 Jilin University (JLU), China 89.93 101.49 233 11.2% Increase
127 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), United States of America (USA) 98.13 101.09 245 1.5% Increase
128 University of Alberta (U of A), Canada 106.05 101.06 290 -6.1% Decrease
129 The Rockefeller University, United States of America (USA) 95.40 100.88 278 4.2% Increase
130 Emory University, United States of America (USA) 101.10 100.37 270 -2.1% Decrease
131 UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), United Kingdom (UK) 90.04 100.03 677 9.5% Increase
132 Uppsala University (UU), Sweden 94.95 97.53 439 1.3% Increase
133 South China University of Technology (SCUT), China 77.86 97.39 187 23.3% Increase
134 Kyushu University, Japan 113.98 97.33 317 -15.8% Decrease
135 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India 112.03 96.96 169 -14.7% Decrease
136 Boston University (BU), United States of America (USA) 111.23 95.89 576 -15.0% Decrease
137 The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), France 113.22 95.87 880 -16.5% Decrease
138 University of Freiburg (Uni Freiburg), Germany 74.76 95.47 320 25.9% Increase
139 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA) 98.32 94.77 317 -5.0% Decrease
140 Free University of Berlin (FU Berlin), Germany 86.95 93.70 472 6.2% Increase
141 RWTH Aachen University (RWTH Aachen), Germany 91.71 93.58 409 0.6% Increase
142 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Germany 94.15 93.56 366 -2.0% Decrease
143 The University of Hong Kong (HKU), China 72.76 93.29 353 26.4% Increase
144 National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France 93.83 93.18 917 -2.1% Decrease
145 University of Paris-Saclay, France 98.70 93.10 831 -7.0% Decrease
146 The University of Arizona (Arizona), United States of America (USA) 92.70 92.50 404 -1.6% Decrease
147 Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), China 78.67 91.67 176 14.9% Increase
148 Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), United States of America (USA) 93.95 91.11 299 -4.4% Decrease
149 TU Dresden, Germany 84.68 90.93 407 5.8% Increase
150 Tel Aviv University (TAU), Israel 75.80 90.77 307 18.1% Increase
151 The University of Melbourne (UniMelb), Australia 99.97 90.48 489 -10.8% Decrease
152 Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA) 94.62 89.25 376 -7.0% Decrease
153 Hunan University (HNU), China 82.74 89.20 164 6.3% Increase
154 Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Czech Republic 74.51 88.90 382 17.6% Increase
155 Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), China 73.28 88.66 210 19.3% Increase
156 Shandong University (SDU), China 88.73 88.42 314 -1.8% Decrease
157 North Carolina State University (NCSU), United States of America (USA) 84.14 88.22 256 3.3% Increase
158 Beijing Normal University (BNU), China 76.18 87.77 254 13.6% Increase
159 University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Germany 82.74 87.60 256 4.4% Increase
160 Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea 100.36 87.29 211 -14.3% Decrease
161 U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), United States of America (USA) 94.14 87.15 316 -8.7% Decrease
162 University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst), United States of America (USA) 80.19 86.52 279 6.3% Increase
163 East China Normal University (ECNU), China 76.82 86.29 185 10.7% Increase
164 Leiden University, Netherlands 81.25 85.96 335 4.3% Increase
165 Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT), Israel 106.66 85.33 261 -21.1% Decrease
166 Australian National University (ANU), Australia 102.73 85.28 304 -18.2% Decrease
167 Indian Institute of Science (IISc), India 86.77 84.53 170 -4.0% Decrease
168 Brown University, United States of America (USA) 80.64 84.43 272 3.2% Increase
169 Lund University (LU), Sweden 95.93 83.96 324 -13.7% Decrease
170 National Taiwan University (NTU), Taiwan 91.86 82.67 320 -11.3% Decrease
171 State University of New York at Stony Brook (SUNY Stony Brook), United States of America (USA) 81.36 82.35 403 -0.2% Decrease
172 Stockholm University, Sweden 77.43 82.16 502 4.6% Increase
173 East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), China 86.75 82.15 145 -6.7% Decrease
174 Michigan State University (MSU), United States of America (USA) 70.95 82.08 419 14.0% Increase
175 Durham University, United Kingdom (UK) 92.63 81.78 227 -13.0% Decrease
176 University of Hamburg (UHH), Germany 73.98 81.75 361 8.9% Increase
177 Aarhus University (AU), Denmark 95.10 80.98 255 -16.1% Decrease
178 University of Bonn (Uni Bonn), Germany 88.73 80.46 339 -10.6% Decrease
179 King's College London (KCL), United Kingdom (UK) 76.15 80.14 392 3.7% Increase
180 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States of America (USA) 84.83 79.88 313 -7.2% Decrease
181 Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 75.69 79.84 287 4.0% Increase
182 Tianjin University (TJU), China 69.58 79.08 396 12.0% Increase
183 University of Southampton (Soton), United Kingdom (UK) 91.12 79.06 342 -14.5% Decrease
184 University of Virginia (UVA), United States of America (USA) 72.25 78.87 357 7.6% Increase
185 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States of America (USA) 85.86 78.13 257 -10.3% Decrease
186 University of Amsterdam (UvA), Netherlands 76.87 78.10 536 0.2% Increase
187 Grenoble Alpes University (UGA), France 77.13 77.92 603 -0.4% Decrease
188 Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea 63.00 77.62 164 21.4% Increase
189 Radboud University Nijmegen (RU), Netherlands 95.43 77.50 477 -20.0% Decrease
190 University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (UK) 71.45 77.05 418 6.3% Increase
191 The University of Warwick (Warwick), United Kingdom (UK) 81.09 76.64 323 -6.8% Decrease
192 Karolinska Institute (KI), Sweden 73.85 76.44 361 2.0% Increase
193 Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), South Korea 75.04 76.42 256 0.4% Increase
194 Tongji University, China 59.76 76.32 247 25.9% Increase
195 Colorado State University, United States of America (USA) 58.93 76.22 226 27.5% Increase
196 University of Tübingen (Uni Tübingen), Germany 71.43 75.90 281 4.7% Increase
197 Southeast University (SEU), China 66.07 75.87 140 13.2% Increase
198 Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Denmark 77.80 74.70 233 -5.4% Decrease
199 Université PSL, France 71.88 74.70 728 2.4% Increase
200 Yonsei University, South Korea 91.10 74.24 207 -19.7% Decrease
201 Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands 88.33 73.92 206 -17.5% Decrease
202 National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan 77.28 73.49 238 -6.3% Decrease
203 Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), United States of America (USA) 76.67 73.01 270 -6.1% Decrease
204 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), United States of America (USA) 58.75 72.52 189 21.7% Increase
205 University of Connecticut (UConn), United States of America (USA) 46.24 71.88 175 53.2% Increase
206 The University of Iowa (UI), United States of America (USA) 81.86 71.68 357 -13.7% Decrease
207 Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea 70.81 71.57 289 -0.4% Decrease
208 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), United States of America (USA) 73.84 71.46 200 -4.6% Decrease
209 University of Barcelona (UB), Spain 71.16 71.15 346 -1.4% Decrease
210 University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), United States of America (USA) 57.53 70.44 348 20.7% Increase
211 Academia Sinica, Taiwan 76.82 70.44 318 -9.6% Decrease
212 Humboldt University of Berlin (HU Berlin), Germany 71.35 69.50 480 -4.0% Decrease
213 The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), China 64.95 69.13 301 4.9% Increase
214 Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), India 57.66 68.73 210 17.5% Increase
215 University of Rochester (UR), United States of America (USA) 77.92 68.65 263 -13.2% Decrease
216 The University of Sydney (USYD), Australia 79.36 68.64 331 -14.7% Decrease
217 University of Waterloo, Canada 71.51 68.53 160 -5.5% Decrease
218 Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), United States of America (USA) 83.12 68.42 188 -18.9% Decrease
219 Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), China 30.64 68.23 204 119.5% Increase
220 University of Leeds, United Kingdom (UK) 73.34 68.04 235 -8.6% Decrease
221 Goethe University Frankfurt (GU), Germany 68.12 67.98 217 -1.6% Decrease
222 University of Oslo (UiO), Norway 60.56 67.96 347 10.6% Increase
223 Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), United States of America (USA) 75.95 67.91 319 -11.9% Decrease
224 The University of Georgia (UGA), United States of America (USA) 79.33 67.78 173 -15.8% Decrease
225 Iowa State University, United States of America (USA) 61.14 67.56 307 8.9% Increase
226 Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin), Germany 63.33 67.17 160 4.5% Increase
227 Paris Cité University, France 60.34 66.91 788 9.3% Increase
228 University of Vienna, Austria 61.46 66.84 221 7.2% Increase
229 Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), Netherlands 67.20 66.78 135 -2.0% Decrease
230 University of Notre Dame (ND), United States of America (USA) 65.54 66.30 256 -0.3% Decrease
231 The University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (UK) 68.35 65.94 281 -4.9% Decrease
232 Dalian University of Technology (DUT), China 45.69 65.58 126 41.5% Increase
233 Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS), United States of America (USA) 72.77 65.42 278 -11.4% Decrease
234 Ghent University (UGent), Belgium 68.87 64.51 290 -7.7% Decrease
235 University of Bern (UniBE), Switzerland 66.98 64.11 315 -5.7% Decrease
236 University of Lyon, France 66.23 64.09 455 -4.6% Decrease
237 University of Ottawa (uOttawa), Canada 64.44 63.75 166 -2.5% Decrease
238 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan 67.48 63.06 212 -7.9% Decrease
239 University of Regensburg (UR), Germany 75.58 62.91 152 -17.9% Decrease
240 Southwest University (SWU), China 43.09 62.75 93 43.6% Increase
241 The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom (UK) 44.79 62.19 150 36.9% Increase
242 Keio University, Japan 68.69 62.11 132 -10.9% Decrease
243 University of Cincinnati (UC), United States of America (USA) 60.79 62.11 237 0.7% Increase
244 University of Montreal (UdeM), Canada 63.16 62.01 314 -3.2% Decrease
245 University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), United States of America (USA) 70.99 61.73 210 -14.3% Decrease
246 National Tsing Hua University (NTHU), Taiwan 58.60 61.45 231 3.4% Increase
247 University of Helsinki, Finland 51.70 60.82 338 16.0% Increase
248 The University of Nottingham (UoN), United Kingdom (UK) 66.84 60.74 177 -10.4% Decrease
249 Florida State University (FSU), United States of America (USA) 69.72 60.22 312 -14.9% Decrease
250 University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (UMass Chan Medical School), United States of America (USA) 65.06 59.47 249 -9.9% Decrease
251 People's Liberation Army (PLA), China 56.69 59.07 205 2.7% Increase
252 University of St Andrews, United Kingdom (UK) 54.34 58.15 211 5.5% Increase
253 University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), United States of America (USA) 68.81 57.98 259 -16.9% Decrease
254 Dartmouth College, United States of America (USA) 39.71 57.83 149 43.6% Increase
255 Oregon State University, United States of America (USA) 57.50 57.10 169 -2.1% Decrease
256 University of Strasbourg, France 63.91 57.04 432 -12.0% Decrease
257 University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil 50.22 56.92 267 11.7% Increase
258 Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Spain 77.13 56.50 368 -27.8% Decrease
259 Korea University, South Korea 62.43 56.43 237 -10.9% Decrease
260 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (CU Anschutz), United States of America (USA) 50.62 56.27 158 9.6% Increase
261 Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Germany 55.38 56.11 187 -0.1% Decrease
262 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland 53.80 55.89 399 2.4% Increase
263 Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Poland 49.00 55.76 346 12.2% Increase
264 University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland 50.47 55.33 198 8.1% Increase
265 University of Cologne (UoC), Germany 70.04 55.07 215 -22.5% Decrease
266 KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden 50.77 54.97 444 6.7% Increase
267 F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Switzerland 43.91 54.75 116 22.9% Increase
268 University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain 56.02 54.67 216 -3.8% Decrease
269 Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Austria 48.87 54.04 197 9.0% Increase
270 Beihang University (BUAA), China 50.01 53.84 241 6.1% Increase
271 University of Birmingham (UB), United Kingdom (UK) 49.60 53.84 317 7.0% Increase
272 University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (UK) 69.21 53.64 336 -23.6% Decrease
273 University of Oregon (UO), United States of America (USA) 61.25 53.54 181 -13.8% Decrease
274 University of Houston (UH), United States of America (USA) 56.16 53.50 189 -6.1% Decrease
275 Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein), United States of America (USA) 53.07 53.49 156 -0.6% Decrease
276 Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), China 48.08 53.13 106 8.9% Increase
277 University of Calgary (U of C), Canada 54.22 53.05 139 -3.6% Decrease
278 University of Exeter, United Kingdom (UK) 43.64 52.94 197 19.6% Increase
279 Shandong Normal University (SDNU), China 34.39 52.39 79 50.2% Increase
280 Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), China 53.84 52.15 112 -4.5% Decrease
281 The University of Kansas (KU), United States of America (USA) 44.85 51.92 224 14.1% Increase
282 Wageningen University & Research (WUR), Netherlands 32.89 51.88 165 55.5% Increase
283 Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland 50.04 51.70 254 1.8% Increase
284 Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), China 42.45 50.75 139 17.8% Increase
285 Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (PI), Canada 33.70 50.72 128 48.3% Increase
286 University of Delaware (UD), United States of America (USA) 47.22 49.99 125 4.4% Increase
287 Leipzig University, Germany 47.34 49.93 151 4.0% Increase
288 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), India 44.60 49.53 218 9.5% Increase
289 The City University of New York (CUNY), United States of America (USA) 44.42 48.82 193 8.3% Increase
290 University of Toulouse, France 49.51 48.31 386 -3.8% Decrease
291 Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Russia 42.63 48.19 383 11.4% Increase
292 Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), United States of America (USA) 56.70 47.83 138 -16.8% Decrease
293 The University of Dublin, Ireland 47.66 47.78 149 -1.2% Decrease
294 Tufts University, United States of America (USA) 49.23 47.75 246 -4.4% Decrease
295 IBM, United States of America (USA) 42.90 47.71 111 9.6% Increase
296 University of Miami (UM), United States of America (USA) 55.54 47.45 140 -15.8% Decrease
297 Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS), Italy 40.27 47.39 227 16.0% Increase
298 Western University (UWO), Canada 44.20 47.27 121 5.4% Increase
299 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay), India 50.94 47.24 109 -8.6% Decrease
300 The University of New Mexico (UNM), United States of America (USA) 41.00 47.21 221 13.5% Increase
301 McMaster University, Canada 49.29 47.20 113 -5.6% Decrease
302 Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Israel 42.48 47.15 136 9.4% Increase
303 Carnegie Institution for Science (CIS), United States of America (USA) 42.42 46.97 247 9.2% Increase
304 National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), United States of America (USA) 49.01 46.80 139 -5.9% Decrease
305 Philipps University of Marburg (Uni Marburg), Germany 45.41 46.06 130 0.0% Increase
306 University of Hawai'i at Manoa (UH Mānoa), United States of America (USA) 56.78 45.97 269 -20.2% Decrease
307 University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY UB), United States of America (USA) 65.01 45.93 154 -30.4% Decrease
308 Central South University (CSU), China 25.56 45.86 121 76.9% Increase
309 Hanyang University (HYU), South Korea 52.14 45.65 188 -13.7% Decrease
310 Central China Normal University (CCNU), China 43.50 45.58 157 3.3% Increase
311 Aix-Marseille University (AMU), France 44.34 45.36 453 0.9% Increase
312 Sandia National Laboratories, United States of America (USA) 43.75 45.23 158 1.9% Increase
313 European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Germany 45.66 45.05 240 -2.7% Decrease
314 University of Valencia (UV), Spain 49.48 44.92 286 -10.5% Decrease
315 Temple University, United States of America (USA) 56.09 44.79 123 -21.3% Decrease
316 Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), United Kingdom (UK) 44.58 44.42 250 -1.8% Decrease
317 City University of Hong Kong (CityU), China 43.65 43.85 156 -1.0% Decrease
318 Brandeis University, United States of America (USA) 46.80 43.84 146 -7.6% Decrease
319 University of Bayreuth (UBT), Germany 54.99 43.81 101 -21.5% Decrease
320 Louisiana State University (LSU), United States of America (USA) 34.26 43.22 135 24.4% Increase
321 Fuzhou University (FZU), China 28.62 42.97 82 48.0% Increase
322 University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE), Germany 35.15 42.95 132 20.4% Increase
323 University of Kentucky (UK), United States of America (USA) 38.45 42.90 121 10.0% Increase
324 The University of Western Australia (UWA), Australia 34.26 42.73 248 23.0% Increase
325 Mayo Clinic, United States of America (USA) 54.01 42.67 151 -22.1% Decrease
326 University of York, United Kingdom (UK) 44.06 42.64 137 -4.6% Decrease
327 University of Montpellier, France 43.20 42.64 347 -2.7% Decrease
328 VU Amsterdam, Netherlands 56.65 42.19 380 -26.6% Decrease
329 TU Dortmund University, Germany 29.45 41.96 216 40.5% Increase
330 Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium 45.53 41.70 212 -9.7% Decrease
331 The University of Tennessee at Knoxville (UTK), United States of America (USA) 40.21 41.70 277 2.2% Increase
332 Novartis AG, Switzerland 41.29 41.58 130 -0.7% Decrease
333 Shanghai University (SHU), China 31.92 41.50 100 28.2% Increase
334 University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China 34.36 41.38 87 18.7% Increase
335 Cardiff University, United Kingdom (UK) 48.44 41.27 169 -16.0% Decrease
336 University of Konstanz, Germany 49.45 41.20 89 -17.9% Decrease
337 University of South Carolina - Columbia (SC), United States of America (USA) 36.91 41.19 101 10.0% Increase
338 Aalto University, Finland 45.73 41.05 213 -11.5% Decrease
339 University of Padova (UNIPD), Italy 38.40 40.87 304 4.9% Increase
340 University of Stuttgart, Germany 47.00 40.76 120 -14.5% Decrease
341 National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Taiwan 44.44 40.63 118 -9.9% Decrease
342 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), United States of America (USA) 45.18 40.43 192 -11.8% Decrease
343 Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), South Korea 32.48 40.41 131 22.6% Increase
344 University of Sherbrooke (USherbrooke), Canada 25.82 40.37 110 54.1% Increase
345 Sapienza University of Rome, Italy 37.41 40.21 390 6.0% Increase
346 Northeast Normal University (NENU), China 25.50 40.12 66 55.1% Increase
347 University of Tsukuba, Japan 61.92 40.09 220 -36.2% Decrease
348 Washington State University (WSU), United States of America (USA) 34.17 40.05 127 15.5% Increase
349 Northeastern University (NEU), United States of America (USA) 39.33 40.02 219 0.3% Increase
350 The University of Texas at Dallas (UT Dallas), United States of America (USA) 31.79 39.75 166 23.3% Increase
351 Newcastle University, United Kingdom (UK) 40.00 39.49 175 -2.7% Decrease
352 The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia 52.17 39.29 177 -25.8% Decrease
353 China University of Geosciences (CUG), China 37.19 38.92 92 3.2% Increase
354 Friedrich Schiller University Jena (FSU), Germany 43.22 38.48 158 -12.2% Decrease
355 Chongqing University (CQU), China 30.66 38.38 99 23.4% Increase
356 Chalmers University of Technology (Chalmers), Sweden 40.15 38.33 116 -5.9% Decrease
357 Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Spain 38.95 38.32 160 -3.0% Decrease
358 National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina 41.79 38.29 267 -9.7% Decrease
359 Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW), Austria 32.37 38.23 258 16.4% Increase
360 The University of Adelaide (Adelaide Uni), Australia 34.12 38.10 226 10.0% Increase
361 The University of Oklahoma (OU), United States of America (USA) 39.75 37.98 200 -5.8% Decrease
362 Pasteur Institute, France 38.83 37.96 213 -3.6% Decrease
363 Salk Institute for Biological Studies (Salk), United States of America (USA) 48.40 37.87 116 -22.9% Decrease
364 Linköping University (LiU), Sweden 30.10 37.72 105 23.5% Increase
365 University of Bordeaux, France 31.70 37.68 249 17.2% Increase
366 National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), France 41.62 37.49 349 -11.2% Decrease
367 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), United States of America (USA) 34.99 37.48 85 5.6% Increase
368 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), China 35.42 37.36 101 4.0% Increase
369 Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Italy 35.75 37.00 130 2.0% Increase
370 HHMI Janelia Research Campus, United States of America (USA) 45.67 36.95 84 -20.3% Decrease
371 The University of Akron (UAkron), United States of America (USA) 38.88 36.73 69 -6.9% Decrease
372 University of South Florida (USF), United States of America (USA) 43.54 36.39 94 -17.6% Decrease
373 Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), India 26.22 36.29 141 36.5% Increase
374 University of Sussex, United Kingdom (UK) 30.58 36.17 168 16.6% Increase
375 Wayne State University, United States of America (USA) 49.21 35.96 192 -28.0% Decrease
376 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (St. Jude), United States of America (USA) 48.01 35.90 95 -26.3% Decrease
377 Merck & Co., Inc., United States of America (USA) 29.74 35.51 73 17.7% Increase
378 University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom (UK) 27.44 35.50 111 27.6% Increase
379 University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB), United States of America (USA) 39.87 35.34 120 -12.6% Decrease
380 University of Milan (UNIMI), Italy 24.46 35.23 281 42.0% Increase
381 National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Italy 37.99 34.86 164 -9.6% Decrease
382 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune (IISER Pune), India 37.81 34.85 133 -9.2% Decrease
383 Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Spain 23.86 34.72 226 43.5% Increase
384 Northwest University (NWU), China 28.02 34.63 56 21.8% Increase
385 University of Warsaw (UW), Poland 33.61 34.58 192 1.4% Increase
386 National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico 36.69 34.57 159 -7.1% Decrease
387 China Pharmaceutical University (CPU), China 20.72 34.38 66 63.6% Increase
388 University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Portugal 39.59 34.35 202 -14.5% Decrease
389 Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS), Hungary 38.93 34.33 270 -13.1% Decrease
390 University of Missouri (Mizzou), United States of America (USA) 34.23 34.30 85 -1.2% Decrease
391 Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NUST), China 25.51 34.05 73 31.6% Increase
392 University of East Anglia (UEA), United Kingdom (UK) 18.20 33.96 109 84.0% Increase
393 Smithsonian Institution, United States of America (USA) 44.17 33.77 232 -24.6% Decrease
394 Shenzhen University (SZU), China 17.12 33.63 137 93.6% Increase
395 Ulm University, Germany 37.68 33.59 135 -12.1% Decrease
396 University of Innsbruck (LFU), Austria 37.62 33.29 169 -12.8% Decrease
397 Simon Fraser University (SFU), Canada 33.05 33.29 159 -0.7% Decrease
398 University of Florence (UNIFI), Italy 27.12 33.25 214 20.8% Increase
399 Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur), India 28.02 33.07 55 16.3% Increase
400 University of Wollongong (UOW), Australia 30.08 32.95 117 8.0% Increase
401 University of Bremen (Uni Bremen), Germany 26.67 32.90 107 21.6% Increase
402 University of Bath, United Kingdom (UK) 35.94 32.82 103 -10.0% Decrease
403 University of Victoria (UVic), Canada 24.66 32.72 166 30.8% Increase
404 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), China 29.76 32.72 117 8.4% Increase
405 Waseda University, Japan 26.51 32.47 145 20.7% Increase
406 Wellcome Sanger Institute, United Kingdom (UK) 25.89 32.31 167 23.0% Increase
407 Wuhan University of Technology (WUT), China 23.26 31.99 67 35.6% Increase
408 Dalhousie University, Canada 23.84 31.94 97 32.0% Increase
409 University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain 33.35 31.85 159 -5.9% Decrease
410 University of Gothenburg (GU), Sweden 34.17 31.81 124 -8.2% Decrease
411 Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), India 28.99 31.81 67 8.2% Increase
412 Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain 28.47 31.69 197 9.7% Increase
413 University of Otago, New Zealand 31.78 31.54 113 -2.2% Decrease
414 Jagiellonian University (UJ), Poland 25.76 31.44 160 20.3% Increase
415 NWO-I, the Institutes Organisation of NWO, Netherlands 35.02 31.37 334 -11.7% Decrease
416 The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), United States of America (USA) 25.67 31.37 138 20.4% Increase
417 China Agricultural University (CAU), China 26.43 31.35 81 16.9% Increase
418 Jinan University (JNU), China 18.69 31.34 102 65.3% Increase
419 Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), China 21.05 31.25 46 46.3% Increase
420 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), United States of America (USA) 35.85 31.08 133 -14.5% Decrease
421 Institute of Research for Development (IRD), France 33.16 30.72 516 -8.7% Decrease
422 University of Kiel (CAU), Germany 39.83 30.70 126 -24.0% Decrease
423 Leibniz University Hannover (LUH), Germany 27.32 30.54 106 10.2% Increase
424 Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Germany 40.16 30.45 115 -25.3% Decrease
425 The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), United States of America (USA) 40.44 30.30 113 -26.1% Decrease
426 Charles University (CU), Czech Republic 28.81 30.19 286 3.3% Increase
427 Curtin University, Australia 37.35 30.16 132 -20.4% Decrease
428 AstraZeneca plc, United Kingdom (UK) 32.19 30.13 130 -7.7% Decrease
429 National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Italy 33.11 30.02 65 -10.6% Decrease
430 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), United States of America (USA) 37.75 29.90 109 -21.9% Decrease
431 Ewha Womans University (Ewha), South Korea 32.82 29.66 83 -10.9% Decrease
432 Osaka Metropolitan University (OMU), Japan 32.91 29.53 88 -11.5% Decrease
433 Boston College (BC), United States of America (USA) 30.51 29.50 52 -4.7% Decrease
434 Bar-Ilan University (BIU), Israel 32.11 29.43 72 -9.7% Decrease
435 Ocean University of China (OUC), China 20.41 29.37 99 41.9% Increase
436 Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Germany 24.63 29.21 108 16.9% Increase
437 Umeå University (UMU), Sweden 25.52 29.12 118 12.5% Increase
438 Okayama University, Japan 25.76 28.97 144 10.9% Increase
439 Hiroshima University (HU), Japan 31.10 28.91 108 -8.4% Decrease
440 Technical University Braunschweig (TU Braunschweig), Germany 25.55 28.64 76 10.5% Increase
441 University of Nevada, Reno (UNR), United States of America (USA) 24.14 28.21 74 15.2% Increase
442 Cleveland Clinic, United States of America (USA) 24.91 28.17 90 11.5% Increase
443 Kobe University, Japan 30.21 28.13 138 -8.2% Decrease
444 National Institute of Applied Sciences (INSA), France 29.55 28.04 298 -6.5% Decrease
445 University of Bologna (UNIBO), Italy 32.08 28.00 321 -13.9% Decrease
446 National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Japan 28.60 27.79 151 -4.2% Decrease
447 The University of Auckland, New Zealand 20.73 27.49 182 30.7% Increase
448 Kanazawa University (KU), Japan 28.96 27.42 70 -6.6% Decrease
449 Nanjing Normal University (NNU), China 20.96 27.15 96 27.7% Increase
450 Changzhou University (CZU), China 14.89 27.14 40 79.6% Increase
451 Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Italy 23.58 27.10 99 13.3% Increase
452 Shanxi University (SXU), China 18.59 27.00 79 43.2% Increase
453 Laval University (UL), Canada 23.65 26.97 109 12.4% Increase
454 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China 21.14 26.85 91 25.2% Increase
455 Beijing University of Technology (BJUT), China 21.27 26.70 75 23.7% Increase
456 University of Liège (ULg), Belgium 27.20 26.70 105 -3.3% Decrease
457 Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), United States of America (USA) 36.87 26.69 64 -28.6% Decrease
458 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States of America (USA) 22.43 26.69 139 17.3% Increase
459 Drexel University, United States of America (USA) 28.60 26.67 95 -8.1% Decrease
460 National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Taiwan 24.19 26.41 86 7.6% Increase
461 University of Central Florida (UCF), United States of America (USA) 25.44 26.27 69 1.8% Increase
462 University of Dundee, United Kingdom (UK) 31.38 26.24 99 -17.6% Decrease
463 University of Antwerp (UA), Belgium 28.48 26.22 179 -9.2% Decrease
464 Catholic University of Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium 36.33 25.97 155 -29.5% Decrease
465 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, United States of America (USA) 30.90 25.85 324 -17.5% Decrease
466 University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Italy 23.96 25.73 222 5.9% Increase
467 National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), United States of America (USA) 29.06 25.67 76 -12.9% Decrease
468 Georgia State University (GSU), United States of America (USA) 21.47 25.61 140 17.6% Increase
469 Lancaster University, United Kingdom (UK) 20.93 25.59 167 20.5% Increase
470 Zhengzhou University (ZZU), China 23.90 25.57 82 5.5% Increase
471 Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), India 29.44 25.53 41 -14.5% Decrease
472 West Virginia University (WVU), United States of America (USA) 20.37 25.51 83 23.5% Increase
473 University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), China 21.77 25.44 94 15.2% Increase
474 Clemson University, United States of America (USA) 29.46 25.36 58 -15.1% Decrease
475 Queen's University Belfast (QUB), United Kingdom (UK) 25.70 25.35 85 -2.8% Decrease
476 University of Turin (UNITO), Italy 27.08 25.31 246 -7.9% Decrease
477 University of Saskatchewan (U of S), Canada 31.42 25.18 77 -21.0% Decrease
478 Kyung Hee University (KHU), South Korea 24.23 25.02 66 1.8% Increase
479 University of Twente (UTwente), Netherlands 31.17 24.91 64 -21.2% Decrease
480 Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Austria 16.43 24.87 54 49.2% Increase
481 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), India 13.37 24.85 44 83.2% Increase
482 Queen's University, Canada 29.22 24.78 70 -16.4% Decrease
483 China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), China 22.47 24.66 98 8.2% Increase
484 Macquarie University, Australia 21.08 24.61 106 15.0% Increase
485 Griffith University, Australia 21.72 24.60 98 11.7% Increase
486 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), United States of America (USA) 26.78 24.55 61 -9.6% Decrease
487 Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway 23.95 24.51 87 0.9% Increase
488 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), United States of America (USA) 18.61 24.49 65 29.7% Increase
489 Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Switzerland 32.29 24.41 82 -25.5% Decrease
490 Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP), United States of America (USA) 22.92 24.15 94 3.9% Increase
491 University of Bergen (UIB), Norway 18.21 24.05 210 30.2% Increase
492 University of Fribourg (UNIFR), Switzerland 18.01 23.96 97 31.2% Increase
493 Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Canada 22.29 23.84 64 5.4% Increase
494 Giessen University (JLU), Germany 20.17 23.72 152 15.9% Increase
495 South China Normal University (SCNU), China 14.77 23.59 49 57.5% Increase
496 Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), United States of America (USA) 25.00 23.52 61 -7.3% Decrease
497 ShanghaiTech University, China 10.09 23.40 131 128.7% Increase
498 China Meteorological Administration (CMA), China 19.44 23.29 82 18.1% Increase
499 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France 23.57 23.27 138 -2.7% Decrease
500 Pfizer Inc., United States of America (USA) 27.91 23.24 70 -17.9% Decrease

Footnote

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

  1. The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences and health sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
  2. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 145 natural-science and health-science journals. The journals were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields. The list is reviewed periodically and journals may be removed or added. Articles from eLife were no longer included in the Nature Index from 2023 after the journal changed its publishing model.
  3. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
  4. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.
  5. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen research leaders.