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Webb et al. show that new artificial intelligence language models, such as Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3, are able to solve analogical reasoning problems at a human-like level of performance.
Studying human mobility during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the authors observe asynchronous temporal dynamics of people’s movements and compare this with spatial mobility changes.
Applying functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning in intergroup conflict, the authors provide evidence that leaders and followers show behavioural synchronization, as well as neural synchronization in the prefrontal cortex.
Ancient DNA can inform reconstructions of prehistoric social organization, but most evidence comes from elite burial grounds. Rivollat et al. analyse ancient DNA and archaeological evidence from 94 individuals at a non-monumental graveyard in France: Gurgy ‘les Noisats’. Their results reveal a patrilocal community who buried relatives close to one another.
Science is international, but scientific publishing is dominated by English-language publications. This disproportionately benefits native or fluent English speakers. We want to take steps to address the imbalance this creates, and new technology may help.
A systematic review examines the happiness-promoting strategies most commonly recommended in the media. This review suggests that the scientific evidence underlying some of these strategies, such as physical exercise, is weak.
Effective HIV prevention and treatment are widely available, but services are underused and underdelivered. Behavioural economics offers insights into why this is and shows us cost-effective interventions to change behaviours. We call for investment in scaling up behavioural economics approaches to aid in progress towards ending HIV.
Using modelling and experimental data, the authors provide evidence that risk aversion may arise from relative underestimation of larger monetary payoffs, a perceptual bias rooted in the noisy logarithmic coding of numerical magnitudes.
Angelo Fasce et al. conducted a systematic literature review and applied natural language processing methods to develop a taxonomy that relates anti-vaccination arguments to their psychological roots.
New medications that target biological mechanisms to address obesity, diabetes and related cardiometabolic conditions are widely popular. As not everyone is eligible, willing or able to take medications, structural and behavioural solutions remain essential to treat and decrease the risk of cardiometabolic diseases.
Can human-aware artificial intelligence help accelerate science? In this article, the authors incorporate the distribution of human expertise by training unsupervised models on simulated inferences cognitively accessible to experts and show that this substantially improves the models’ predictions of future discoveries, but also enables AI to generate high-value alternatives that complement human discoveries.
Academic publishing is the backbone of science dissemination –– but is the current system fit for purpose? We asked a diverse group of scientists to comment on the future of publishing. They discuss systemic issues, challenges, and opportunities, and share their vision for the future.
A healthy lifestyle is associated with longer total life expectancy and a larger proportion of remaining years lived without a major noncommunicable disease in the Chinese population. Public health initiatives that promote healthy lifestyles may have a role in realizing the Healthy China 2030 strategic plan.
In 451,233 Chinese adults, Sun et al. find that five aspects of a healthy lifestyle are together associated with longer total life expectancy and a larger proportion of remaining years lived without major non-communicable diseases.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the vaccination policies of countries differed widely. A new Resource, collated by the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) project, details the policies of 185 countries, including variation in vaccination prioritization plans, eligibility and availability, cost to the individual, and mandatory vaccination.