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Patients with end-stage liver disease and COVID-19 are at a higher risk of hospitalization, ventilation and death than those without chronic liver disease. Whether the aetiology of liver disease also affects the natural history of COVID-19 in cirrhosis is debated. Effective and universal vaccination is paramount to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The liver microenvironment has a dynamic complexity that has not yet been adequately described. A new omics study sheds light on the hepatic parenchymal and immune cell heterogeneity by focusing on the spatial distribution of myeloid cells and macrophages in homeostasis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Mechanosensation — detecting mechanical forces and converting them into physiological responses — is important for normal gastrointestinal tract function. Mechanosensation abnormalities are frequently found in gastrointestinal diseases. This Review describes the physical properties of the gut relevant for mechanosensing, as well as the mechanosensory molecules, cells and circuits involved in gastrointestinal tract mechanosensation.
In this Review, Russell and Camargo summarize the role of the Hippo signalling pathway in liver development, homeostasis, regeneration and disease, and discuss development of potential therapeutics for liver diseases such as fibrosis and cancer.
Despite advances in testing for coeliac disease over the past two decades, awareness of this disease remains suboptimal worldwide. Here, Makharia and colleagues summarize the current knowledge of epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and follow-up of coeliac disease and highlight opportunities for future research.
In this Roadmap, Furth, Sethupathy and colleagues discuss advances in our understanding of the mechanisms and treatments of fibrolamellar carcinoma, a rare hepatic cancer that primarily occurs in adolescents and young adults. Recommendations for future progress in research and clinical trials are proposed.