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There has been little or no formal training for clinical trial methodology for clinicians. Coupled with the growing complexities of randomized controlled trials, a focus on training is needed to develop the next cadre of clinician trialists.
Although available clinical outcome data are reassuring, the consequences of in utero exposure to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pharmacotherapies on the development of the neonatal immune system remain ill-defined. So too does the converse effect on immunological maturation of fetal exposure to maternal inflammatory activity. Both warrant elucidation to appropriately stratify antenatal IBD care.
A subset of colorectal cancers arises from sessile serrated lesions. Tumorigenesis via the serrated neoplasia pathway is largely unexplored. Now, a new study suggests that this pathway is initiated by gastric metaplasia induced by damage and repair, which is triggered by disadvantageous composition of microbiota in the proximal colon.
In this Review, Chu and Traverso provide an overview of gastrointestinal-based drug delivery, discussing conventional delivery methods and challenges posed by the gastrointestinal tract as a drug delivery environment, as well as emerging technologies.
In this Review, Kupiec-Weglinski and colleagues describe the roles of macrophages, neutrophils, and platelets in liver ischaemia–reperfusion injury (LIRI) and discuss potential therapeutic strategies for treating LIRI in transplant recipients.
Growing evidence indicates that neutrophils are involved in tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, Geh and colleagues summarize neutrophil phenotypes in HCC, describe the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying these contributions of neutrophils to HCC and highlight emerging neutrophil-targeted therapies.
