Articles in 2023

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by absence of ganglion cells in the bowel, leading to constipation, abdominal distension and intestinal obstruction. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of HSCR, and discusses quality of life of patients as well as novel avenues for research.

Historically, the health-care response to natural disasters has been reactive, with responders rushing to the scene using deployable assets to treat those affected. The global community must increase efforts to complement this approach with proactive preparedness and readiness strategies designed to enhance disaster health-care capacity at a local level.

This PrimeView summarizes the pathophysiology of hepatitis A virus infection and accompanies the Primer article on this topic by Van Damme et al.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection causes an acute liver disease that resolves with no long-term sequelae in most patients. Some patients will develop acute liver failure requiring transplantation. This Primer discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of HAV infection.

This PrimeView highlights the mechanisms of male infertility, and also summarizes the epidemiology, diagnosis, management and outlook for this condition.

Male infertility is increasing globally and is an under-recognized factor in couples’ infertility. In this Primer, Eisenberg and colleagues provide an overview of the epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of male infertility, focusing on impairments in spermatogenesis.

This PrimeView summarizes the mechanisms of glycogen storage diseases, a group of genetic disorders characterized by liver and/or muscle dysfunction.

This Primer provides a general overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of the glycogen storage diseases. These genetic conditions are characterized by deficits in glycogenesis, glycogenolysis or glycolysis.

This PrimeView highlights the management of major depressive disorder, a common mental health disorder characterized by low mood, and reduced interest or pleasure in previously enjoyable activities.

This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). This Primer also reviews how this disorder affects patient quality of life, and provides an overview of future research.

This PrimeView highlights the prevention strategies against HIV infection, as well as the epidemiology, mechanisms, management and outlook.

In HIV infection, the virus invades and destroys the immune system of the host. This Primer by Bekker and colleagues summarizes the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection, and discusses patient quality of life and open research questions for this condition.

This PrimeView highlights the mechanisms, diagnosis, epidemiology and management of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is one of the most common causes of early-onset dementia. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of frontotemporal dementia and discusses how this disorder affects patients’ quality of life.

This PrimeView highlights the mechanisms of HIV-associated lung disease, as well as the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, management and outlook.

HIV-associated lung disease includes acute, infectious illnesses such as tuberculosis as well as chronic, non-infectious conditions such as chronic obstructive lung disease and lung cancer. This Primer reviews the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of these lung conditions, their effect on patient quality of life, and future directions for research and treatment.

This PrimeView highlights the pathophysiology of cardiac tamponade and summarizes its epidemiology, diagnosis, management and outlook, and accompanies the Primer on cardiac tamponade by Adler and colleagues.

Cardiac tamponade is a potentially life-threatening emergency involving compression of the heart caused by accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac. This Primer by Adler and colleagues provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and effect on patient quality of life of cardiac tamponade as well as of areas requiring further research.