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De novo genome assemblies of 22 Brassica oleracea accessions and pan-genome analyses highlight the effects of structural variations on gene expression and their contributions to morphotype diversification.
Near-gapless and haplotype-resolved genome assemblies of the dwarfing ‘M9’ and semi-vigorous ‘MM106’ rootstocks and a major apple cultivar ‘Fuji’ provide insights into the genetic basis of rootstock-induced dwarfing traits.
Fluorescence-activated nuclear sorting combined with deep profiling shows that Huntington’s disease repeat expansions arise in specific cell types and are associated with elevated MSH2 and MSH3, which promote expansions in vitro by inhibiting excision of CAG slip-outs by FAN1.
Bottom-up in vitro reconstitution of ~10-kb chromatin domains shows that nucleosome positioning, rather than loop extrusion or transcription, determines domain formation in yeast.
Causal-TWAS (cTWAS) is a statistical framework that adjusts for genetic confounders in transcriptome-wide association studies. Application of cTWAS on common traits leads to reliable detection of candidate causal genes.
GIFT fine-maps candidate causal genes in a transcription-wide association study by conditioning on predicted expression of nearby genes, leading to improved statistical power and enhanced mapping resolution when applied to complex traits.
Multi-omic analysis of single nuclei from 12 human placentas collected during early-stage and late-stage pregnancy characterizes syncytiotrophoblast diversity. Gene regulatory network analysis implicates candidate lineage regulators such as STAT5A and CEBPB.
A combination of single-cell imaging and dynamic polymer simulation shows that stacked boundary conformation facilitates cis-regulatory elements communication across topologically associating domain (TAD) borders at the Pitx1 locus in developing mouse limbs.
ZmWAKL, which encodes a cell-wall-associated receptor kinase-like protein, regulates quantitative disease resistance to gray leaf spot in maize through the ZmWAKL–ZmWIK–ZmBLK1–ZmRBOH4 module.
Inherited polygenic scores for blood cell traits are associated with an increased risk of JAK2V617F clonal expansion and influence clinical phenotypes in individuals with myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Genome-wide association analysis of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG:HDL-C) ratio within the UK Biobank identifies candidate insulin resistance-associated loci linked to metabolic pathways and insulin biology. A polygenic risk score derived from these results shows an association with multiple cardiometabolic traits.
A new method allows selection of matched controls from an external pool of samples without genotype sharing. This method has been implemented in an online repository containing 39,472 exome sequencing controls that can be used for association analyses.
Massively parallel reporter assays identify 165 functional variants associated with skin pigmentation in ethnically diverse Africans. Functional characterization of eight variants demonstrates their impact in regulating melanin levels and validates CYB561A3 as a novel gene involved in melanogenesis and pigmentation.
A new computational method coupled with a CRISPR–Cas12a screen identifies human long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that lead to cell proliferation defects, which can be rescued by zebrafish homologs. Knockdown of four zebrafish lncRNAs that perturb embryonic development can be rescued by human homologs.
Genome-wide association analyses identify 13 loci associated with gestational diabetes, showing partial overlap with type 2 diabetes risk loci but also distinct genetic architecture predominantly influencing pregnancy-related mechanisms.
Multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of major depression identifies new risk loci, assesses the transferability of risk loci across ancestry groups, and improves fine-mapping resolution and prioritization of candidate effector genes.
The pilot phase of PigGTEx, re-analyzing 5,457 published RNA-seq samples, presents a pan-tissue catalog of molecular quantitative trait loci. Cross-species comparisons identify traits with shared genetic regulation in humans.
A human genetics-informed drug prioritization tool, genetic priority score (GPS), combines genetic features and drug datasets. GPS-supported indications are more likely to progress through clinical trials, suggesting the utility of this score for target prioritization.
MESuSiE extends fine-mapping approaches to multi-ancestry analysis using LD-aware bivariate normal mixture models with a variational algorithm to identify shared and ancestry-specific causal variants.