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Sander and colleagues discuss recent evidence for and against the roles of stem cells versus the plasticity of mature cell types in response to injury during regeneration of the adult liver and pancreas.
Barker and colleagues review the history and recent developments of organoid cultures derived from pluripotent stem cells and adult epithelia, and discuss how the technology can be used for basic research as well as translational applications.
Case and Waterman discuss how integrating extracellular-matrix-bound integrins and the actin cytoskeleton into a mechanosensitive molecular clutch transmits actin-cytoskeleton-generated forces to the extracellular matrix through focal adhesions.
Yap and Lecuit review the interplay of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion and actomyosin-based contractility, and discuss the functional effects of their crosstalk at the cellular and tissue level.
Burroughs and DeBerardinis discuss the metabolic pathways that tumour cells employ to promote their survival and proliferation, and present the current approaches to study cancer metabolism in an in vivo setting.
Berninger and colleagues define milestones for in vivo reprogramming and discuss recent developments in reprogramming into pancreatic b-cells and neurons.
Schroeder and colleagues review the development and application of single-cell technologies — from gene and protein expression to clonal labelling, lineage tracing and time-lapse imaging — in stem cell research.
The degradation of dysfunctional proteins and organelles by autophagy is important for cell viability. Dikic and co-authors discuss how cargo selection is achieved during selective autophagy and how the processes involved in cargo delivery are related to membrane trafficking pathways.
Puisieux et al. discuss endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factors in tumorigenesis. They explore how EMT contributes not only to tumour progression through its roles in invasion and metastasis, but also to malignant transformation and early tumour development by impinging on tumour suppressive pathways and cell differentiation states.
Multipolar spindles are a feature of cancer cells often associated with chromosomal aberrations. In the final Review in our Series on Genomic Instability, Logarinho and Maiato discuss how multipolar spindles form, with an emphasis on the role of the loss of spindle pole integrity in this process.
Repair of a chromosome break can result in part of a chromosome attaching to a different chromosome, causing gene deregulation and disease. Roukos and Misteli discuss the spatial aspect of chromosome translocation and the role of DNA repair pathways in this process.
In the second Review in our Genomic Instability series, Rudolph and colleagues discuss how the genomic damage that accumulates during ageing affects stem cell function through both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms.
Stable RNA interference by shRNA provides a means to study multiple facets of gene function. Fellman and Lowe explore the rules of implementation of this silencing method in the vertebrate system for achieving maximal knockdown with minimal off-target effects.
Defects in DNA replication, or in the pathways evolved to correct DNA replication problems, can cause genomic instability and disease. Zeman and Cimprich discuss recent advances in our understanding of the cellular responses to replication stress.
Cilia are present across most eukaryotic phyla and have diverse sensory and motility functions. Sung and Leroux review the trafficking pathways that modulate cilia biogenesis and maintenance.
Multiple processes in the cell require curved membranes. Stachowiak, Brodsky and Miller discuss how lipids and vesicle cargo proteins represent energy barriers to membrane bending, and how different mechanisms may operate to overcome these barriers as drivers of membrane curvature.
