Focus
Quantum phase transitions
- Focus issue:
- March 2008 Volume 4 No 3 pp167-204
Phase transitions are familiar occurrences, such as the freezing of water to ice. When the transition occurs at zero temperature, it is known as a 'quantum phase transition'. As distinct states of matter coexist at a transition, there are quantum fluctuations between them. This Focus explores the resulting – and often surprising – collective behaviour.
Editorial
Transitions in focus - pp157
doi:10.1038/nphys898
Full text - Information storage | PDF (297KB) - Information storage
Perspectives
Fishing the Fermi sea pp167 - 169
Paul C. Canfield
doi:10.1038/nphys908
Sophocles had it right, the Rolling Stones made a friendly amendment and Linus Pauling detailed the conceptual mechanism for finding novel materials that will define and revolutionize the future.
Full text -Fishing the Fermi sea | PDF (2,861KB) - Fishing the Fermi sea
What lies beneath the dome? pp170 - 172
D. M. Broun
doi:10.1038/nphys909
Numerous experiments on cuprate materials suggest that a zero-temperature phase transition is hidden beneath the superconducting dome. Is it the key to understanding high-temperature superconductivity, and can it explain the anomalous normal state properties?
Full text -Fishing the Fermi sea | PDF (201KB) - Fishing the Fermi sea
Reviews
Quantum magnetism and criticality - pp173 - 185
Subir Sachdev
doi:10.1038/nphys894
Quantum magnetism describes systems of magnetic spins in which quantum mechanical effects dominate, often in surprising ways. This review article covers phase transitions between these states, including quantum criticality and entangled electron states.
Abstract - The emergence of spin electronics in data storage | Full text - Integrated nanoelectronics for the future | PDF (802KB) - Integrated nanoelectronics for the future
Quantum criticality in heavy-fermion metals - pp186 - 197
Philipp Gegenwart, Qimiao Si & Frank Steglich
doi:10.1038/nphys892
At a zero-temperature phase transition from one ordered state to another, fluctuations between the two states lead to quantum critical behaviour that can lead to unexpected physics. Metals with 'heavy' electrons often harbour such weird states.
Abstract - The emergence of spin electronics in data storage | Full text - Integrated nanoelectronics for the future | PDF (802KB) - Integrated nanoelectronics for the future
Bose�Einstein condensation in magnetic insulators - pp198 - 204
Thierry Giamarchi, Christian Rüegg & Oleg Tchernyshyov
doi:10.1038/nphys893
A collection of bosonic particles, such as liquid helium or ultracold gases, can condense into a ground state in which the atoms flow as a 'superfluid' without scattering. Magnetic materials further illustrate the generality of the effect, as described in this review.
Abstract - The emergence of spin electronics in data storage | Full text - Integrated nanoelectronics for the future | PDF (802KB) - Integrated nanoelectronics for the future