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Soluble Fas ligand triggers neurite outgrowth from mouse dorsal root ganglia explants. The explant shown was fixed after one week and stained for neuron-specific tubulin III antibodies.
Signalling pathways involved in axonal growth are the subject of intense study. A new report further highlights the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p35 pathway, but identifies a surprising potential trigger: the death receptor Fas. This study illustrates the importance of cellular context in the functional outcome of a given signalling mechanism.
One of the most fundamental questions of fertilization is how do sperm locate eggs? In many animals and lower plant groups, sperm are guided by chemo-attractants released from eggs. In this issue of Nature Cell Biology, Kaupp and colleagues now examine the very early events of this process in the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata.
In both the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals, two proteins released from the mitochondrion — apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G — cooperate in executing programmed cell death. Although both factors can kill cells in a caspase-independent fashion, new studies indicate that their translocation from mitochondria depends, in part, on caspase activation. Together, these data raise new questions about the functional hierarchy between caspases, AIF and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization.