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Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels which mediate nicotine reward, dependence and addiction. Throughout the central nervous system, neuronal nAChRs exist as multiple, diverse subtypes comprising unique pentamers of genetically distinct subunits. These subtypes each exhibit different function and pharmacology, but their precise roles in nicotine addiction remain elusive. This special issue and accompanying web focus provide an overview of the possible mechanisms of different nAChR subtypes in the mediation of nicotine reward and reinforcement.
