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Ripretinib versus sunitinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor: ctDNA biomarker analysis of the phase 3 INTRIGUE trial
Exploratory ctDNA analyses from the phase 3 INTRIGUE trial indicate that ripretinib may provide benefits in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors with KIT exon 11 + 17/18 mutations
- Michael C. Heinrich
- , Robin L. Jones
- & Sebastian Bauer
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Research Briefing |
The KRASG12D inhibitor MRTX1133 elucidates KRAS-mediated oncogenesis
The identification of KRASG12C inhibitors has reignited interest in targeting RAS proteins. This work describes the discovery of the KRASG12D-specific inhibitor MRTX1133 and demonstrates the feasibility of potently and selectively targeting this oncogenic variant. MRTX1133 treatment markedly inhibited KRAS-dependent signaling and induced tumor regression in xenograft models harboring the KRASG12D mutation.
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Brief Communication |
Activating mutations in CSF1R and additional receptor tyrosine kinases in histiocytic neoplasms
Inhibition of CSF-1R with recurrent activating alterations and other actionable targets identified by genomic sequencing elicits clinical activity in patients with histiocytosis.
- Benjamin H. Durham
- , Estibaliz Lopez Rodrigo
- & Omar Abdel-Wahab
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Letter |
Protective autophagy elicited by RAF→MEK→ERK inhibition suggests a treatment strategy for RAS-driven cancers
Targeted inhibition of RAF–MEK–ERK signaling induces autophagy through the LKB1–AMPK axis, creating a therapeutic vulnerability that can be exploited for treating patients with pancreatic cancer and potentially other RAS-mutant tumors.
- Conan G. Kinsey
- , Soledad A. Camolotto
- & Martin McMahon
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Letter |
Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation as a therapy for MYC-overexpressing triple-negative breast cancer
In the triple-negative subtype of breast cancer, for which treatment options are limited, overexpression of the MYC oncoprotein is associated with increased sensitivity to growth inhibition by fatty acid oxidation inhibitors, thus pointing to a new therapeutic strategy.
- Roman Camarda
- , Alicia Y Zhou
- & Andrei Goga
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Article |
RAS-MAPK dependence underlies a rational polytherapy strategy in EML4-ALK–positive lung cancer
Unraveling the signaling dependencies of EMLK4-ALK fusion–driven lung cancer reveals upfront combination therapy strategies.
- Gorjan Hrustanovic
- , Victor Olivas
- & Trever G Bivona
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Letter |
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations induce BCL-2 dependence in acute myeloid leukemia
IDH1 and IDH2 mutations sensitize acute myeloid leukemia cells to the BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199.
- Steven M Chan
- , Daniel Thomas
- & Ravindra Majeti
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News & Views |
Thymocyte transformation enhanced
A new study identifies recurrent somatic duplications of a NOTCH1-driven enhancer of MYC in human T cell leukemia. This enhancer is required for both normal and malignant T cell development.
- Gayle P Pouliot
- & Alejandro Gutierrez
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Article |
ETS factors reprogram the androgen receptor cistrome and prime prostate tumorigenesis in response to PTEN loss
Studies on a new conditional mouse model reveal that ETS transcription factors, which are often mutated in prostate cancer, cause transformation by altering the androgen-receptor cistrome, priming the prostate epithelium to respond to upstream signals such as PTEN loss.
- Yu Chen
- , Ping Chi
- & Charles L Sawyers
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Community Corner |
Unlocking the mysterious mechanisms of Myc
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Article |
Oncogenic NRAS signaling differentially regulates survival and proliferation in melanoma
NRAS-driven melanomas have limited therapeutic options. Combining genetically engineered models and oncogenic signaling inhibitors with rational systems-biology approaches, the authors compare the effects of genetic extinction of NRAS to that of chemical pathway inhibition targeting downstream MEK. The differences provide actionable targets by revealing that NRAS signaling operates as a gated output and that MEK inhibition, although inducing apoptosis, is not able to achieve further inhibition of NRAS-induced outputs such as cell-cycle progression. A combination of MEK and CDK4 inhibitors provides a more complete inhibition of NRAS signaling and a more effective antitumor effect in vivo.
- Lawrence N Kwong
- , James C Costello
- & Lynda Chin
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Article |
The TLX1 oncogene drives aneuploidy in T cell transformation
The oncogenic activation of TLX transcription factors demarcates a specific molecular subtype of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). This study identifies aneuploidy induction as a molecular mechanism by which TLX1 transforms T cell progenitors and reveals new TLX1 transcriptional targets, including Bcl11b, a crucial factor in T cell progenitor differentiation and survival, and Chek1, a mitotic checkpoint regulator. The findings delineate the role of TLX1 in T-ALL initiation and maintenance.
- Kim De Keersmaecker
- , Pedro J Real
- & Adolfo A Ferrando
MYC targeting by OMO-103 in solid tumors: a phase 1 trial
US National Cancer Institute's new Ras project targets an old foe
Treatment approaches that target tumor suppressors mutate