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The deletion of residue 508 in CFTR is the most common cystic fibrosis–causing mutation. Recent studies indicate that the main chain and side chain of this residue contribute to the proper folding of CFTR at different stages.
New work places the Hsp70/DnaK system in an opening role in protein disaggregation, facilitating the extraction of individual polypeptides from the aggregate surface to the axial channel of Hsp104/ClpB. It also reinforces a long-standing belief that reactivation rather than simple clearance of aggregated protein is necessary for cell stress tolerance.
In mammals, a soluble bicarbonate-regulated adenylyl cyclase is required for sperm fertility. Crystal structures of a cyanobacterial cousin provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of activation and catalysis in soluble adenylyl cyclase and other class III nucleotidyl cyclases.