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Oligometastatic bladder cancer, defined as a cancer with limited metastases, is a potential target for curative metastasis-directed therapy in a multidisciplinary framework. The consensus definition of oligometastatic bladder cancer is a valuable starting point for clinical trials, but challenges remain in accurately characterizing metastatic burden with current imaging modalities and determining optimal strategies to treat patients with lymph node involvement.
Positive surgical margins are an independent risk factor for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. However, the identification of residual cancer by eye is highly limited, and frozen sections are not always available or possible for all margins. Prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted fluorescence guidance might close this gap and enhance the surgeon’s eye.
The microbiota influences the body in homeostasis and disease, including cancer, and, although specific urinary and gut microbial species have been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, causal mechanistic data remain elusive. In this Perspective article, the authors discuss the roles of the microbiota in prostate carcinogenesis and progression, and consider how these might be leveraged for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
In this Perspective, the author uses a comparative evolutionary approach to explain renal physiology. The kidney structure and the urinary collecting system are contextualized within the evolutionary and environmental selective pressures that might have contributed to renal evolution.
Body fluid-derived stem cells (BFSCs) have been used as a stem cell source in animal models of regenerative diseases. In this Perspective, the authors present the characteristics and immunomodulatory properties of different BFSCs, focusing on the therapeutic potential of these cells in the treatment of genitourinary conditions and discussing challenges in the clinical translation of BFCSs in urinary regeneration.
