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Gene expression profiling techniques have revolutionized molecular biology, allowing researchers to analyze the expression of thousands of genes in a single assay. This Viewpoint asks whether microarray technology can also be applied to clinical practice, and focuses on the diagnosis, prognosis and risk stratification of thyroid carcinoma.
FDA regulation of levothyroxine formulations aims to ensure consistent drug content and bioavailability of brand name and generic products. This Viewpoint suggests that the pharmacokinetic measure of therapeutic equivalence in current use—measurement of total T4levels in the blood—might not be sufficiently reliable to achieve these goals.
In many countries, the clinical profile of primary hyperparathyroidism has changed to one with few of the disease's “classical” features. Although the reason for this change is unknown, various organs remain targets of the hyperparathyroid process. NIH treatment guidelines were recently updated, as the need for surgery in all patients remains controversial.
Not only the levels, but also the function and components of HDL-cholesterol appear to play a role in atherosclerosis. Levels of anti-oxidants and pro-oxidants can vary in HDL-cholesterol, as can its effects on LDL-induced inflammation. This Review describes recent progress that might lead to new therapeutic approaches.
Thyroid hormone transport across the plasma membrane is essential for hormone functions. As detailed here, novel mutations in monocarboxylate transporter 8 reveal important roles in thyroid hormone access to the brain and might explain the pathogenesis of Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome, which is now known to feature thyroid hormone resistance.
