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TurboID-based proteomic profiling of meiotic chromosome axes in Arabidopsis enables identification of proximate proteins in rare cell types such as meiotic cells. Among 39 ASY1 and/or ASY3 proximate proteins known and new meiotic proteins were found.
Kiwifruit are a dioecious species with genetic sex determination that involves genes in a male-specific region of the Y chromosome. One Y-encoded sex determining gene, Shy Girl, also controls sexually dimorphic traits. This property can explain our observation of recurrent recent changes in these genes’ location in related species.
Plant gene silencing is usually achieved through chromatin modifications and repressive transcription factors. We used a gain-of-function approach in Arabidopsis that identified 14 proteins that can repress gene expression via diverse epigenetic pathways, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and interference with RNA polymerase II transcription.
The global distribution of tree species shows obvious edges corresponding to the boundaries of biomes due to high spatial climate heterogeneity. The poleward migration of tree species as a result of climate change will be hindered by steep climatic gradients.
Using a gain-of-function method, this work identified 14 plant proteins that can repress gene expression via diverse epigenetic pathways, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and interference of RNA polymerase II transcription.
A plant-specific GCN5-containing histone acetyltransferase complex, which was termed PAGA, cooperates with the conserved GCN5-containing SAGA complex to regulate histone acetylation, transcription and development.
This study documents recurrent sex chromosome turnovers in kiwifruit lineages and shows that sexual dimorphism is caused by a pleiotropic effect of a single sex-determining gene, transforming our understanding of the evolution of sex chromosomes and sexual dimorphisms.
The authors present a multidisciplinary approach investigating the mechanistic underpinnings of galactan synthase 1 and use their data to propose a new model for complex pectin biosynthesis.
Although the resurrection of extinct species may seem like the stuff of science-fiction, it could have practical benefits for conservation. But first we must secure the genetic diversity that we have left.
A chitinase gene is responsible for the hybrid necrosis between two young Petunia species. This gene is tightly linked with genes in pollinator-mediated reproductive isolation, suggesting cooperation of pre- and post-zygotic barriers.
Multiple omics approaches suggest that FUL binding complexes are tissue specific, and the difference in composition of the binding complexes leads to different DNA binding specificity, thus contributing to the dual biological functions.
This study identifies two genes that are important for protecting wheat against blast fungus, a pathogen that also infects related grasses. This work helps identify potential strategies for breeding wheat with improved resistance to this damaging fungus.
By improving ribosome footprinting, Zhou et al. show that HEM1 utilizes a plant-specific condensation domain to control immune gene translation, which is essential in preventing immunopathology-associated tissue damage.
On the basis of 38,994 records of giant trees belonging to 237 species across Japan, this study shows that macroecological processes such as climate may drive spiritual ecosystem services obtained from giant trees.
Using leaf explants and morphological regulator genes (Babyboom and Wuschel 2) driven by new promoter combinations, an efficient transformation and genome editing system is developed in maize and sorghum and successfully applied in seven other Poaceae grass species.