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Enterococcus strains harbour a plasmid-encoded defence against reuterin, a toxin produced by Limosilactobacillus reuteri, mediating a mutualistic metabolic interaction between these two gut microbiota members.
SMC proteins are key architects of chromosome organization across all domains of life, yet in their absence, A. pernix relies on transcription, anchored loops and self-interaction domains to maintain genome architecture.
Staphylococcus epidermidis IVK83, a nasal commensal, produces an extremely short-lived, broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide–polyene called epifadin, which eliminates Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo.
The Bacteroides fragilis ubiquitin homologue, BfUbb, mediates intraspecies competition and provides a competitive advantage for encoding strains in the gut.
The host transcription factor, Bach1, promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis by inhibiting protective glutathione metabolism and antioxidant responses that prevent ferroptosis.
Longitudinal population-based surveillance identifies shifts in HIV transmission patterns related to age and sex, suggesting that HIV programmes to increase HIV suppression in men are crucial to reduce incidence in women.
Cycling of the sulfur compound DMSOP by dimethylsulfoniopropionate lyase enzymes in the most abundant marine bacteria, algae and fungi is diverse and prevalent in Earth’s oceans and sediments and probably impacts climate-active gas production.
DNA analysis of ancient dental calculus samples revealed distinct oral microbial communities, including the archaeon Methanobrevibacter, which was associated with hygiene, diet and health.
On-farm experiments in 54 fields in Switzerland show that inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can promote crop yield, and inoculation success can be predicted using soil microbiome indicators.
Detection of GBS DNA in the placenta is associated with neonatal unit admission, infant morbidity and, in some cases, sepsis and foetal cytokine storm.
Evaluation of a nanopore-sequencing-based workflow for detection of antimalarial resistance in Ghana demonstrates feasibility where molecular surveillance is needed.
Near-identical downy-mildew-associated microbiomes are recruited by infected Arabidopsis plants in different laboratories and reduce the impact of subsequent infection.
Using agar media suspended in pipette tips and a standard camera, the geometric viability assay provides a user-friendly and scalable update to standard colony-forming-unit-count approaches.
Long-read sequencing and chromatin capture methods reveal that two nuclear genomes segregate among thousands of co-existing nuclei in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Sperschneider et al. generate nuclear-assigned genome assemblies for several isolates of the wheat leaf rust pathogen, Puccinia triticina, and show that repeated nuclei shuffling between clonal lineages has created global populations.
The Plasmodium falciparum transcription factor PfAP2-P is an upstream regulator of parasite blood-stage development and regulates trophozoite development, host cell remodelling, antigenic variation and pathogenicity.
A multi-omics approach reveals that bifidobacteria metabolize the prebiotic lactulose to produce acetate and deconjugate bile acids, which is associated with reduced densities of drug-resistant pathogens and decreased incidences of infection in patients with liver disease.