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Longitudinal shotgun metagenomics reveal changes in the gut microbial ecology upon carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae colonization and decolonization of adult subjects.
In apicomplexan parasites, the conoid is a dynamic organelle of enigmatic function. This study establishes that the conoid movement is essential to control the flux of F-actin needed for myosin-dependent motility that powers invasion and egress.
Pan-genome analyses of clinical pneumococcal strains identify categories of essential genes and show that gene essentiality depends on strain genetic background.
In situ cryo-ET imaging and live-cell fluorescence microscopy reveal that septal peptidoglycan architecture and divisome activity modulate bacterial morphogenesis in Escherichia coli.
Rational design of live-attenuated RNA viruses with potential as vaccines is enabled by identification of sequence rules for zinc finger antiviral protein.
Tropical forests store vast amounts of carbon that might be liberated as temperatures increase. A 2-year experiment of tropical forest soil warming reveals that microbial diversity is reduced, but enzyme activity is increased, resulting in CO2 emissions threefold greater than modelling predicts.
A newly discovered benzoxaborole prodrug AN15368 cures Trypanosoma cruzi infection (the cause of Chagas disease) in mice and in naturally infected non-human primates.
Longitudinal sampling, modelling and genomic analyses of stool samples from Malawian adults reveal how antimicrobial exposure and hospitalization promote ESBL-Enterobacterales colonization.
Multidimensional phenotyping links sequencing data and bacterial phenotypic diversity to uncover crucial virulence pathways in the emerging pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus.
This work used DNA and RNA sequencing to investigate how wildfire burn severity affects forest soil microbiomes. The results revealed the mechanisms that allow specific bacteria, fungi and viruses to colonize and thrive in burned soils. These changes can influence nutrient cycling and carbon storage in soil.
Wildfires have unknown impacts on soil microbes and biogeochemistry. Using metagenomics across forest burn gradients, here the authors show severity-dependent losses in microbiome diversity and functional shifts that underpin post-fire survival.
Antibiotic resistance and virulence factors are identified in Mycobacterium abscessus by integrating proteome-wide structural modelling, GWAS analyses and mapping gene interaction networks for 331 clinical isolates.
Now, a study using multi-omics to investigate the mechanistic role of the airway microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reveals that the airway microbiome-derived metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) can alleviate COPD-associated airway inflammation and epithelial apoptosis. These results implicate IAA as a potential therapeutic candidate for further investigation in COPD.
Marine protists abound, but are challenging to study, and their interactions with other microbes in nature remain largely unknown. We captured wild predatory protists (choanoflagellates) and discovered a divergent, obligately co-associated bacterial group that lives by extracting resources from these predators.
Commensal gut bacteria harbour sulfotransferases that metabolize cholesterol and some steroid hormones to produce bacterially derived signals that influence host phenotypes.
Members of the murine and human gut microbiome can interact with dietary cholesterol. In particular, Bacteroides sulfotransferase activity can convert cholesterol to cholesterol sulfate and impact cholesterol levels in vivo.