Articles

Intracerebral hemorrhage triggers astrocyte proliferation and mediates neural stem cell potential via Galectin3 signaling.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of problematic alcohol use in one million individuals identified 110 risk variants and shows that multi-ancestry polygenic scores improve risk prediction compared with single-ancestry scores

In an arm of a phase 1b trial, the combination of divarasib, a KRAS G12C inhibitor, and cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, was well tolerated with an encouraging overall response rate of 62.5% in patients with KRAS G12C-positive colorectal cancer.

In the homologous recombination repair-deficient population of TALAPRO-2, a placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor talazoparib plus enzalutamide led to prolonged progression-free survival compared with placebo plus enzalutamide.

In a prespecified 3-year analysis of the KEN SHE trial, single-dose HPV vaccination was shown to be well tolerated and provided durable protection against cervical HPV infection in Kenyan women aged 15–20 years.

A phase 1 feasibility trial shows that bilateral deep brain stimulation within the central lateral thalamus can be safely applied and is associated with improved executive control.

Deep learning enables comprehensive and interpretable scoring for breast cancer prognosis prediction, outperforming pathologists in multicenter validation and providing insight on prognostic biomarkers.

A four-arm cluster-randomized trial testing the effects of a low cash incentive, a high cash incentive, a health message and a placebo on COVID-19 vaccine uptake in villages in rural Ghana demonstrated highest uptake with a low cash incentive.

Genomic analysis of products of conception collected after spontaneous pregnancy loss in the first trimester reveals previously undetected chromosomal aberrations and a higher degree of mosaic chromosomal imbalances.

A deep learning model provides high accuracy in detecting pancreatic lesions in multicenter data, outperforming radiology specialists.

In a phase 2 trial, the oral type II RAF inhibitor tovorafenib exhibited an overall response rate of 67% in patients with BRAF-altered relapsed/refractory pediatric low-grade glioma.

Analysis of hematopoietic stem cells from six individuals with sickle cell disease who had been treated with autologous gene therapy revealed positive selective pressure on cells containing mutations in genes associated with clonal hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies.

Wireless sensing devices placed on the skin can capture a wide spectrum of acoustic and mechanical signals at several body locations simultaneously for monitoring of internal body processes such as cardiorespiratory function, gastrointestinal activity, swallowing and respiration.

In a phased prospective rollout, the implementation of AI as an additional reader for mammography screening improved the real-world early detection of breast cancer compared to standard double reading involving two independent radiologists.

In a post hoc analysis of the phase 2 PRADO trial, baseline emotional distress was associated with reduced clinical responses in patients with stage III melanoma treated with neoadjuvant ipilimumab and nivolumab.

Distinct signatures of the airway microbiota associate with acute respiratory distress syndrome, hospital-acquired pneumonia and prolonged mechanical ventilation, and may help to inform clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.

Modeling shows that antiretroviral treatment as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be highly effective in cisgender women at preventing HIV-1 acquisition, but underscores the need to understand the barriers that limit PrEP adherence in women.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing responses can persist for several years, even at low antigen levels, suggesting that an HIV-1 vaccine may be able to elicit a durable antibody response.

Understanding the heterogeneity of HIV infection, such as in persons with non-suppressible HIV-1 viremia despite adherence to antiretroviral treatment, is crucial to better tailor therapeutic interventions to abrogate HIV-1 persistence.

The heterobifunctional degrader KT-474 shows target engagement and is safe to use in healthy volunteers and in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa and patients with atopic dermatitis, and it exhibits preliminary efficacy in the improvement of skin lesions and symptoms in patients.