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To understand the brain, theoretical and experimental approaches must be integrated to make sense of the enormous amount of existing data, and to guide future experiments. In this issue, we present a special focus on computational and systems neuroscience. Along with commissioned perspectives, the focus contains primary research articles featuring the best work presented at Cosyne, a meeting that brings together a diverse group of theoretical and experimental neuroscientists. Image of glass brain courtesy of Bret Lobree. (pp 1643-1656 and 1667-1711)
How are we able to focus our attention on the task at hand while ignoring myriad distractions? An elegant neuroimaging study in this issue finds that, contrary to a widely held view, the prefrontal cortex implements attentional control by amplifying task-relevant information, rather than by inhibiting distracting stimuli.
Immature neurons in many brain regions are electrically coupled through gap junctions, which are lost as chemical synaptic transmission matures. This developmental uncoupling is now shown to require NMDA receptor activation.
The Rho-family GTPases act downstream of axon guidance receptors, controlling proteins that remodel the cytoskeleton. New work now suggests that these GTPases also team up to regulate activation of the semaphorin-3A receptor itself.
Pheromones acting through the vomeronasal system influence sexual behavior and neuroendocrine function. Two new studies show that the main olfactory system also contributes to behavioral and possibly endocrine regulation.
A study in Nature reports that nematodes can learn to associate different chemosensory stimuli with illness and to avoid these stimuli in a choice test. Elevated serotonin in a particular type of neuron was critical for this learning.
To understand the brain, theoretical and experimental approaches must be integrated to make sense of the enormous amount of existing data, and to guide future experiments. In the December 2005 issue, we present a special focus on computational and systems neuroscience. Along with commissioned perspectives, the focus contains primary research articles featuring the best work presented at Cosyne, a meeting that rings together a diverse group of theoretical and experimental neuroscientists.