2020 tables: Institutions - government

The 2020 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019.

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# Institution Share 2018 Share 2019 Count 2019 Change in Adjusted Share* 2018–2019
1 Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China 1729.50 1809.63 5497 1.3%
2 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France 711.98 730.01 4489 -0.8%
3 National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America (USA) 397.35 394.26 982 -4.0%
4 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain 203.11 208.56 1233 -0.6%
5 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA) 190.62 161.99 824 -17.8%
6 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States of America (USA) 121.85 139.00 691 10.4%
7 National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy 136.00 136.10 707 -3.2%
8 RIKEN, Japan 160.44 124.74 531 -24.8%
9 Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA) 120.31 118.84 567 -4.4%
10 National Research Council (CNR), Italy 103.48 97.20 500 -9.1%
11 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA) 90.87 96.88 343 3.2%
12 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), United States of America (USA) 89.70 93.77 289 1.2%
13 Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Czech Republic 87.45 93.57 424 3.5%
14 The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), France 100.27 93.36 881 -9.9%
15 UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), United Kingdom (UK) 91.90 93.29 732 -1.8%
16 National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France 91.92 91.53 994 -3.6%
17 Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA) 98.11 89.41 357 -11.8%
18 Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea 88.05 89.27 326 -1.9%
19 U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), United States of America (USA) 82.75 86.04 313 0.6%
20 Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA) 93.99 84.68 414 -12.8%
21 National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan 73.25 84.55 350 11.7%
22 Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), United States of America (USA) 66.20 74.87 375 9.4%
23 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), United States of America (USA) 64.87 74.38 208 11.0%
24 Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 70.08 73.40 302 1.3%
25 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States of America (USA) 64.24 71.91 306 8.3%
26 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan 70.14 71.49 253 -1.4%
27 People's Liberation Army (PLA), China 71.60 71.16 334 -3.8%
28 Academia Sinica, Taiwan 75.61 69.62 304 -10.9%
29 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India 72.01 68.70 150 -7.7%
30 Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Poland 53.53 62.35 342 12.7%
31 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), India 53.26 61.08 228 11.0%
32 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland 69.50 53.23 351 -25.9%
33 Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland 46.91 52.25 261 7.8%
34 European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Germany 51.87 47.13 285 -12.1%
35 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), United States of America (USA) 50.84 46.91 204 -10.7%
36 Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Italy 40.51 44.80 172 7.0%
37 China Meteorological Administration (CMA), China 29.98 43.61 143 40.8%
38 China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), China 36.80 43.53 138 14.5%
39 National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), France 37.78 42.50 429 8.9%
40 Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), South Korea 34.99 40.55 171 12.1%
41 Sandia National Laboratories, United States of America (USA) 40.09 39.41 146 -4.9%
42 Smithsonian Institution, United States of America (USA) 35.52 38.45 289 4.8%
43 The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia 39.24 38.11 241 -6.0%
44 National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina 42.18 37.97 267 -12.9%
45 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China 23.91 34.50 136 39.6%
46 National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Japan 34.17 33.72 192 -4.5%
47 Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS), Hungary 34.59 32.83 289 -8.2%
48 Institute of Research for Development (IRD), France 30.22 32.82 597 5.1%
49 Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Switzerland 25.59 32.75 101 23.8%
50 Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW), Austria 36.22 32.35 266 -13.6%
51 Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), China 25.10 32.06 211 23.6%
52 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, United States of America (USA) 29.41 31.52 379 3.7%
53 National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Italy 33.26 30.80 170 -10.4%
54 Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Switzerland 30.92 30.33 89 -5.1%
55 Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain 29.83 29.53 217 -4.2%
56 NWO-I, the Institutes Organisation of NWO, Netherlands 29.58 28.84 321 -5.6%
57 Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Japan 25.59 26.20 92 -0.9%
58 Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), South Korea 20.34 25.83 64 22.9%
59 National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), United States of America (USA) 25.16 25.44 76 -2.2%
60 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France 22.64 24.93 135 6.6%
61 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), United States of America (USA) 27.78 23.72 55 -17.4%
62 National Research Center Kurchatov Institute (NRCKI), Russia 29.12 23.65 292 -21.4%
63 Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Canada 23.15 22.98 77 -4.0%
64 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States of America (USA) 29.79 22.75 141 -26.1%
65 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Japan 23.66 21.88 177 -10.5%
66 China Earthquake Administration (CEA), China 18.20 20.98 50 11.5%
67 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), United States of America (USA) 20.81 19.53 132 -9.2%
68 Brazil Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication (MCTIC), Brazil 17.30 18.28 181 2.3%
69 National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Italy 24.71 18.02 65 -29.4%
70 National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), India 6.61 17.25 115 152.3%
71 India Department of Space (DOS), India 9.97 16.24 33 57.6%
72 Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Italy 16.17 16.23 133 -2.9%
73 Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Iran 14.63 16.12 110 6.7%
74 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Russia 16.70 15.36 228 -11.0%
75 NERC British Antarctic Survey (BAS), United Kingdom (UK) 11.78 14.87 52 22.1%
76 Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), India 19.25 14.82 111 -25.5%
77 IMDEA Institutes, Spain 15.90 14.66 67 -10.8%
78 Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Japan 14.99 14.29 88 -7.8%
79 Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HRI), India 12.92 13.83 22 3.6%
80 Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australia 10.72 13.75 83 24.1%
81 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), United States of America (USA) 9.08 13.40 47 42.8%
82 National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing (NIBS), China 16.49 12.80 56 -24.9%
83 Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Greece 8.39 12.28 57 41.6%
84 Jozef Stefan Institute (IJS), Slovenia 11.77 12.02 128 -1.2%
85 National Research Council (NRC), Canada 18.01 11.80 81 -36.6%
86 National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Japan 7.31 11.65 37 54.2%
87 India Ministry of Science and Technology, India 8.57 10.83 33 22.2%
88 Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Germany 7.58 10.67 29 36.2%
89 National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Poland 8.10 10.19 162 21.6%
90 United Nations (UN), International 5.89 10.16 58 66.8%
91 National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), France 8.42 10.06 153 15.5%
92 Met Office, United Kingdom (UK) 14.36 9.82 31 -33.8%
93 Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Japan 11.79 9.79 98 -19.6%
94 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Taiwan 6.04 9.71 50 55.5%
95 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Bulgaria 8.74 9.68 120 7.2%
96 Natural History Museum, United Kingdom (UK) 9.99 9.51 56 -7.9%
97 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), United States of America (USA) 8.39 9.22 27 6.3%
98 Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden 5.23 8.97 54 65.9%
99 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Japan 7.60 8.92 52 13.7%
100 National Science Foundation (NSF), United States of America (USA) 11.80 8.72 80 -28.5%

Footnote

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

  1. The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
  2. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals through 2022, in 2023 64 health-science journals were added to the Index. The 146 journals in the Nature Index were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
  3. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
  4. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.
  5. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2022 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.


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