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The global race to reduce carbon emissions was given a legal framework five years ago with the enactment of the Paris Agreement. This Focus issue provides an overview of CO2-to-fuels catalysis as a means of contributing towards net-zero.
The cover image comes from a Perspective Article by Chengxiang Xiang, David Vermaas, Harry Atwater and colleagues. It outlines strategies for the synergistic coupling of CO2 capture and electrocatalytic conversion processes.
The catalysis of CO2 conversion is a research topic ripe with potential to contribute towards a net-zero future. This Focus issue features a collection of content dedicated to progressing the fundamental science and practical implementation of this technology to advance climate goals.
Electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 into useful products can contribute to the Paris goals on the basis of abundant low-carbon power and technological advances. From R&D to policy, areas are highlighted in which coordinated efforts can support commercialization of such capture and catalytic technologies while deploying the required infrastructure.
Staff Sheehan is a co-founder and the Chief Technology Officer at Air Company, a Brooklyn-based startup that uses heterogeneous catalysis to transform CO2 into value-added products. Here, talking to Nature Catalysis, he takes us on a journey from vodka and hand sanitizer into outer space.
David Wakerley and Sarah Lamaison are co-founders of Dioxycle, a Bordeaux-based company that is developing scaled-up CO2 electrolysis systems. Here, they talk to Nature Catalysis about navigating the green tech start-up space during this time of tremendous change for the world.
Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a complex process with many competing products, yet nature has evolved ways to overcome these issues. This Perspective makes connections between the motifs observed in nature and strategies that can be employed in synthetic systems for the advancement of selectivity in CO2 reduction.
Methanol is a leading candidate for storage of solar-energy-derived renewable electricity as energy-dense liquid fuel, yet there are different approaches to achieving this goal. This Perspective comparatively assesses indirect CO- and direct CO2-based solar strategies and identifies the conditions under which the former becomes economically viable.
Liquid fuels produced by electrocatalytic CO2 reduction are costly to separate from liquid electrolytes in a conventional cell. This Perspective identifies the need for novel cell designs that can directly produce high-concentration and high-purity products and discusses the progress towards this goal using porous solid electrolytes.
The practical implementation of CO2 electrocatalysis is premised on the availability of captured CO2—a consideration that is often overlooked. This Perspective presents several concepts for integrating CO2 capture with electrochemical CO2 conversion for the enhancement of overall efficiency.
The mechanism of ammonia synthesis on traditional iron or ruthenium catalysts features a high energetic span. Here, the authors introduce ternary ruthenium complex hydrides of lithium and barium that can activate dinitrogen via a lower-energy path, resulting in the highly efficient production of ammonia under milder conditions.
The fine tuning of the interface between single atoms and their supports may open advantageous reactivity scenarios, although it remains challenging. Now, Liu, Copéret and colleagues address this problem by dispersing Ir(III) species on well-defined single-crystalline MgO(111) 2D nanosheets, achieving a unique reactivity for the coupling of benzene and ethylene.
Solvent effects play major roles in determining the mechanism of catalytic reactions, but their understanding remains often qualitative. Here, the authors provide a quantitative analysis of the effect of solvents on the catalytic hydrogenation of benzaldehyde on palladium, revealing the solvents’ crucial role in modulating the hydrogen-binding strength.