Volume 43 Issue 8, August 2022

Sapidolide A (SA) treats acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI) by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Acetaminophen (APAP) causes hepatocyte necrosis, which releases DAMPs and induces NLRP3-inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis. This leads to the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β and IL-18, that further recruits immune cells and aggravates liver inflammation, as well as hepatocyte damage. SA acts as an inhibitor of NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis in macrophages, thereby reducing inflammation and protecting against AILI.