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| Open AccessRandom-access wide-field mesoscopy for centimetre-scale imaging of biodynamics with subcellular resolution
Random-access wide-field mesoscopy enables the imaging of in vivo biodynamics in mice over an area of 160 mm2 and at a subcellular spatial resolution of about 2 μm.
- Ruheng Shi
- , Xinyue Chen
- & Lingjie Kong
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Article |
Parametrically driven pure-Kerr temporal solitons in a chip-integrated microcavity
Kerr resonators can support a new form of parametrically driven temporal cavity soliton (and associated optical frequency comb), with potential performance advantages that include background-free operation and the possibility of very high pump-to-comb conversion efficiencies.
- Grégory Moille
- , Miriam Leonhardt
- & Miro Erkintalo
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Review Article |
In vivo NIR-II fluorescence imaging for biology and medicine
A review of NIR-II fluorescence imaging is presented, with a focus on fluorophores, probes and imaging techniques.
- Feifei Wang
- , Yeteng Zhong
- & Hongjie Dai
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Article
| Open AccessSynthetic reflection self-injection-locked microcombs
Photonic crystal microring resonators with a periodic corrugation inscribed along the resonator’s circumference allow programmable synthetic reflection for self-injection-locked microcombs and their operation exclusively in the single-soliton regime.
- Alexander E. Ulanov
- , Thibault Wildi
- & Tobias Herr
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Article |
Visible-to-ultraviolet frequency comb generation in lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguides
By combining engineered dispersion and chirped quasi-phase matching in multisegment nanophotonic thin-film lithium niobate waveguides, the generation of gap-free frequency comb spanning from 330 to 2,400 nm can be realized with only 90 pJ of pulse energy at 1,550 nm.
- Tsung-Han Wu
- , Luis Ledezma
- & Scott A. Diddams
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Article |
Wide-band frequency modulation of a terahertz intrinsic Josephson junction emitter of a cuprate superconductor
Frequency-modulated terahertz continuous waves are generated from Josephson junctions included in a cuprate superconductor. When 3 GHz sinusoidal waves were superimposed on 840–890 GHz carrier waves, the modulation bandwidth reached 40 GHz when a Josephson plasma emission was utilized.
- Masashi Miyamoto
- , Ryota Kobayashi
- & Itsuhiro Kakeya
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Article |
Silver telluride colloidal quantum dot infrared photodetectors and image sensors
Silver telluride quantum dots are employed in shortwave-infrared photodetectors and in monolithically integrated imagers that are free from toxic heavy metals and fully solution processable.
- Yongjie Wang
- , Lucheng Peng
- & Gerasimos Konstantatos
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Comment |
Inconsistencies of metalens performance and comparison with conventional diffractive optics
We posit that inconsistent interpretations of experimental data have led to inaccurate claims on metalens focusing efficiencies. By performing a meta-analysis, we show that extraordinary claims of high focusing efficiency at high numerical apertures are, unfortunately, not yet backed by rigorous simulation or experimental results.
- Rajesh Menon
- & Berardi Sensale-Rodriguez
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Article |
Ultrashort dissipative Raman solitons in Kerr resonators driven with phase-coherent optical pulses
By exploiting the nonlinear Raman gain inherent in fused silica, short sub-100-fs dissipative Raman soliton pulses can be formed in fused-silica fibre resonators that are driven by electro-optically generated picosecond pulses.
- Zongda Li
- , Yiqing Xu
- & Miro Erkintalo
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News & Views |
Laser gyroscope precisely tracks the Earth’s rotation
Precise measurements of the length of an Earth day are essential for understanding global mass transport phenomena. A ring laser gyroscope provides absolute measurements of variations in the length of the day with a resolution of 5 parts per billion over a 14-day period.
- Caterina Ciminelli
- & Giuseppe Brunetti
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Article |
Variations in the Earth’s rotation rate measured with a ring laser interferometer
A self-contained ring laser interferometre measures length-of-day variations due to global mass transport phenomena with a precision of a few milliseconds over several months of measurements.
- K. Ulrich Schreiber
- , Jan Kodet
- & Jon-Paul R. Wells
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Article
| Open AccessSurpassing the nonlinear conversion efficiency of soliton microcombs
Researchers demonstrated coherent dissipative Kerr solitons with a conversion efficiency exceeding 50% and good line spacing stability. The results may facilitate practical implementation of a scalable integrated photonic architecture for energy-efficient applications.
- Óskar B. Helgason
- , Marcello Girardi
- & Victor Torres-Company
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Article |
Clone-comb-enabled high-capacity digital-analogue fronthaul with high-order modulation formats
The use of clone combs provides very high-capacity radio-over-fibre data transmission with high-order modulation formats.
- Chenbo Zhang
- , Yixiao Zhu
- & Xiaopeng Xie
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Article |
Dynamic monitoring of oscillatory enzyme activity of individual live bacteria via nanoplasmonic optical antennas
Nanoplasmonic antennas enable label-free monitoring of bacterial enzymes released via outer membrane vesicles. Real-time monitoring reveals the oscillatory behaviour of enzymatic release from individual bacteria as well as the effects of coupled oscillation from neighbouring bacteria.
- Dengyun Lu
- , Guoshuai Zhu
- & Hongbao Xin
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Article
| Open AccessSoliton pulse pairs at multiple colours in normal dispersion microresonators
Bright solitons are produced through the interaction of pulse pairs generated via a continuous-wave fibre laser, which pumps two coupled microresonators featuring normal dispersion. Multicolour pulse pairs over multiple rings can also be generated, of great promise for applications such as all-optical soliton buffers and memories, study of quantum combs and topological photonics.
- Zhiquan Yuan
- , Maodong Gao
- & Kerry Vahala
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Article |
Tailoring microcombs with inverse-designed, meta-dispersion microresonators
This work reports an inverse design approach that can spectrally shape Kerr microcombs by imprinting a nanophotonic dispersion filter to a microresonator to engineer solitonic frequency-comb states in the resonator with an optimization algorithm.
- Erwan Lucas
- , Su-Peng Yu
- & Scott B. Papp
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Article |
Chip-scale simulations in a quantum-correlated synthetic space
A special-purpose quantum simulator, based on a coherently controlled broadband quantum frequency comb produced in a chip-scale dynamically modulated monolithic lithium niobate microresonator, is demonstrated, opening paths for chip-scale implementation of large-scale analogue quantum simulation and computation in the time–frequency domain.
- Usman A. Javid
- , Raymond Lopez-Rios
- & Qiang Lin
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Article |
Enhanced detection of fluorescence fluctuations for high-throughput super-resolution imaging
Super-resolution imaging based on autocorrelation with two-step deconvolution (SACD) enables recording super-resolution images with 128-nm spatial resolution over a field of view of 2.0 mm × 1.4 mm within a 10-min acquisition time.
- Weisong Zhao
- , Shiqun Zhao
- & Haoyu Li
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Article |
Photonic snake states in two-dimensional frequency combs
By tuning the spatial width, the strength and the frequency of a pump beam in two-dimensional cylindrical microcavities supporting stable, robust photonic snake states, a set of broadband and perfectly synchronized two-dimensional frequency combs can be realized.
- Salim B. Ivars
- , Yaroslav V. Kartashov
- & Carles Milián
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Article
| Open AccessPhoton-trapping-enhanced avalanche photodiodes for mid-infrared applications
We demonstrate an avalanche photodiode design using photon-trapping structures to enhance the quantum efficiency and minimizing the absorber thickness, yielding high quantum efficiency, suppressed dark current density and bandwidth of ~7 GHz.
- Dekang Chen
- , Stephen D. March
- & Joe C. Campbell
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News & Views |
High secret key rate goes a long way
Exceptionally high secret key generation rates of 64 Mbits–1 and 115.8 Mbits–1 over a 10 km optical fibre link have been achieved, thanks to custom-built 14-pixel and 16-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, respectively, and the use of fast quantum key distribution transmitters.
- Davide Bacco
- & Maja Colautti
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Article
| Open AccessBrilliant whiteness in shrimp from ultra-thin layers of birefringent nanospheres
The strong birefringence of liquid crystalline nanospheres in the body of the Pacific cleaner shrimp enables brilliant whiteness by overcoming undesirable optical crowding effects.
- Tali Lemcoff
- , Lotem Alus
- & Benjamin A. Palmer
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Article |
Exact solution for the quantum and private capacities of bosonic dephasing channels
An exact solution for the quantum and private capacities of bosonic dephasing channels is provided. The authors prove that these capacities are equal to the relative entropy of the distribution underlying the channel with respect to the uniform distribution.
- Ludovico Lami
- & Mark M. Wilde
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Article
| Open AccessBreaking the temporal and frequency congestion of LiDAR by parallel chaos
Current LiDAR approaches suffer from congestion issues, which affect measurement performance and increased system complexity. Now researchers demonstrate a chaotic microcomb that exhibits congestion-immune naturally orthogonalized light channels.
- Ruixuan Chen
- , Haowen Shu
- & Xingjun Wang
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Article |
High-gain and high-speed wavefront shaping through scattering media
The combination of optical phase conjugation and light amplification enables wavefront shaping with simultaneously optimized operational speed, number of control degrees of freedom and energy of the focused wavefront. Shaping with a 10 μs latency time over about 106 control modes and energy gain approaching unity is demonstrated.
- Zhongtao Cheng
- , Chengmingyue Li
- & Lihong V. Wang
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News & Views |
Tuning optical cavities by Möbius topology
The resonance wavelengths of optical Möbius strip microcavities can be continuously tuned via geometric phase manipulation by changing the thickness-to-width ratio of the strip.
- Bruno Piccirillo
- & Verónica Vicuña-Hernández
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Article |
Petabit-per-second data transmission using a chip-scale microcomb ring resonator source
A microcomb source based on a silicon nitride ring resonator is shown to support petabit-per-second data transmission over a multicore optical fibre.
- A. A. Jørgensen
- , D. Kong
- & L. K. Oxenløwe
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Article |
Deep laser microscopy using optical clearing by ultrasound-induced gas bubbles
Optical clearing based on ultrasound-induced gas bubbles offers new opportunities for deeper laser scanning microscopy of biological tissue.
- Haemin Kim
- , Sangyeon Youn
- & Jin Ho Chang
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Letter |
High-efficiency and broadband on-chip electro-optic frequency comb generators
A double-ring-resonator device on thin-film lithium niobate enables the generation of electro-optic frequency combs with a 30% power efficiency and an optical span of 132 nm.
- Yaowen Hu
- , Mengjie Yu
- & Marko Lončar
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Letter
| Open AccessCavity-enhanced field-resolved spectroscopy
An ultrabroadband femtosecond enhancement cavity is developed, using gold-coated mirrors and a wedged-diamond-plate input coupler. Simultaneous enhancement of a 22–40 THz offset-free frequency comb allows cavity-enhanced time-domain spectroscopy of gas mixtures based on electro-optic sampling in the mid-infrared range.
- Philipp Sulzer
- , Maximilian Högner
- & Ioachim Pupeza
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Article |
High-efficiency photoemission from magnetically doped quantum dots driven by multi-step spin-exchange Auger ionization
Researchers show that up-conversion in manganese-doped CdSe colloidal quantum dots enables efficient electron photoemission. The effect is exploited for high-yield production of solvated electrons, demonstrating photochemistry applicability.
- Clément Livache
- , Whi Dong Kim
- & Victor I. Klimov
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News & Views |
Memristors go quantum
A photonic quantum memristor is experimentally demonstrated, paving the way to neuromorphic quantum computing.
- Lucas Lamata
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Review Article |
Photonics and thermodynamics concepts in radiative cooling
This Review details the fundamental photonics and thermodynamics concepts that underlie the processes of radiative cooling, and discusses a few emerging directions associated with radiative cooling research.
- Shanhui Fan
- & Wei Li
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Article |
Temporal walk-off induced dissipative quadratic solitons
The formation of ultra-short dissipative quadratic solitons is realized using optical parametric amplification at low pump energies and in the presence of substantial temporal walk-off between the pump and signal.
- Arkadev Roy
- , Rajveer Nehra
- & Alireza Marandi
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Article |
Subradiant directional memory in cooperative scattering
A theoretical study of the time dependence of backscattering enhancements is presented, where strongly scattering media present a directional memory for time-varying signals even when the direct input signal has long decayed, providing opportunities for controlling the energy storage in interfaces and release of energy in random media for memory or enhanced coupling applications.
- Z. Shen
- & A. Dogariu
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News & Views |
Probing attosecond phenomena in solids
A sub-cycle modulation in reflectivity is observed in bulk crystals subjected to intense laser fields. The effect provides a new way to probe attosecond dynamics in materials.
- Shambhu Ghimire
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Article |
Attosecond electron motion control in dielectric
Light-field-induced electron dynamics in a silicon dioxide dielectric system are exploited to directly measure the attosecond relative electronic delay response in the dielectric system, potentially extending the speed of data processing and information encoding into the petahertz realm.
- Dandan Hui
- , Husain Alqattan
- & Mohammed Th. Hassan
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Article |
Quantum optics of soliton microcombs
The quantum aspect of soliton microcomb from an integrated silicon carbide microresonator is studied in several regimes — below threshold, above threshold and in the soliton regime — using a single-photon optical spectrum analyser for second-order photon correlation measurement.
- Melissa A. Guidry
- , Daniil M. Lukin
- & Jelena Vučković
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News & Views |
Full-color holography using combs
The three-dimensional images generated by digital holography are usually limited to a single color. A new technique exploiting frequency combs generates holograms with hundreds of colors at once.
- Chao Dong
- & David Burghoff
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Article |
Femtosecond pulses from a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser
Near-transform-limited 630 fs pulses with 4.5 W of peak power are generated by compensating the dispersion of a quantum cascade laser emitting around 8 μm. Their temporal nature is assessed by a new method called asynchronous upconversion sampling.
- Philipp Täschler
- , Mathieu Bertrand
- & Jérôme Faist
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Letter
| Open AccessDual-comb hyperspectral digital holography
Dual-comb digital holography based on an interferometer composed of two frequency combs of slightly different repetition frequencies and a lensless camera sensor allows highly frequency-multiplexed holography with high temporal coherence.
- Edoardo Vicentini
- , Zhenhai Wang
- & Nathalie Picqué
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Article |
Robust, efficient, micrometre-scale phase modulators at visible wavelengths
Visible-spectrum silicon nitride thermo-optic phase modulators based on adiabatic micro-ring resonators with a small device footprint and low power consumption, of potential use for applications like augmented-/virtual-reality goggles, quantum information processing circuits and optogenetics, are presented.
- Guozhen Liang
- , Heqing Huang
- & Nanfang Yu
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Article |
Parametrically driven Kerr cavity solitons
Parametric driving of Kerr solitons – cavity soliton excitation around twice the carrier frequency of solitons – in an optical parametric oscillator with competing nonlinearities look prone to extend the applications of Kerr resonators to random number generators and Ising machines.
- Nicolas Englebert
- , Francesco De Lucia
- & François Leo
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Article |
Nanoscale atomic suspended waveguides for improved vapour coherence times and optical frequency referencing
A hybrid photonic–atomic device based on the integration of tapered nanoscale and mechanically suspended waveguides with hot vapour is reported, demonstrating a drastic reduction in absorption linewidth and improved vapour coherence time.
- Roy Zektzer
- , Noa Mazurski
- & Uriel levy
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News & Views |
On-chip ultra-compact solution
Reducing the footprint of optical spectrometers is a critical requirement for many in-field applications. Now, a single black phosphorus photodetector with a wavelength-scale size enables mid-infrared computational spectrometry.
- Vicente Durán
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News & Views |
Kerr combs bring purity to millimetre waves
A chip-based optical frequency comb has enabled the realization of a 300 GHz signal with record low phase noise. The development could yield ultra-compact, ultra-low-noise sources for millimetre-wave applications in telecommunications, remote sensing and precision spectroscopy.
- Yann Le Coq
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Article |
Reconfigurable electronic circuits for magnetic fields controlled by structured light
Structured beams of light are used to engineer conduction band populations and pattern currents. Using the approach, dynamic optoelectronic interconnects and other applications are demonstrated.
- K. Jana
- , K. R. Herperger
- & S. Sederberg