Featured
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Photonic-circuit-integrated titanium:sapphire laser
A prototype integrated Ti:Sa laser is demonstrated by bonding the Ti:Sa gain medium on silicon nitride microring resonators. Lasing is demonstrated between 730 nm and 830 nm with a threshold power as low as 6.5 mW.
- Yubo Wang
- , Jorge A. Holguín-Lerma
- & Hong X. Tang
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Article |
An efficient solid-solution crystalline organic light-emitting diode with deep-blue emission
A thin-film of crystalline organic semiconductors yields a bright, efficient deep-blue OLED.
- Peifu Sun
- , Dan Liu
- & Donghang Yan
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Article |
Attosecond coherent control of electronic wave packets in two-colour photoionization using a novel timing tool for seeded free-electron laser
Relative synchronization between free-electron laser pulses and a near-infrared field fields is achieved with 24 as resolution by using a correlation analysis of single-shot photoelectron spectra. It is applied to coherently control the photoionization process in neon atom on the attosecond timescale.
- Praveen Kumar Maroju
- , Michele Di Fraia
- & Giuseppe Sansone
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Widely tunable electron bunch trains for the generation of high-power narrowband 1–10 THz radiation
A tunable terahertz radiation pulse is demonstrated based on a linear accelerator. The emission frequency of this terahertz radiation is tunable from 1 to 10 THz by changing the bunching frequency of a 34 MeV electron beam. The pulse energy is at the submillijoule level.
- Yifan Liang
- , Zhuoyuan Liu
- & Chuanxiang Tang
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Terahertz cyclotron emission from two-dimensional Dirac fermions
Two-dimensional massive and massless Dirac fermions in HgTe/CdHgTe quantum wells yield terahertz Landau emission. The emission frequency is continuously tunable with magnetic field or carrier concentration, over the range from 0.5 to 3 THz.
- S. Gebert
- , C. Consejo
- & F. Teppe
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Widely tunable and narrow-linewidth chip-scale lasers from near-ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths
A chip-scale laser platform based on silicon nitride ring resonators and commercial Fabry–Pérot laser diodes is developed for the wavelength range from 404 nm to 785 nm. The achieved coarse and fine tunings are up to 12.5 nm and 33.9 GHz, respectively, with kilohertz-scale linewidths and side-mode suppression ratios above 35 dB.
- Mateus Corato-Zanarella
- , Andres Gil-Molina
- & Michal Lipson
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Article
| Open AccessUltrafast serrodyne optical frequency translator
A nonlinear multi-pass cell is shown to be able to shift the central wavelength of a laser by tens of nanometres, offering a new means for control for high-power laser systems
- Prannay Balla
- , Henrik Tünnermann
- & Christoph M. Heyl
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Article |
Brilliant femtosecond-laser-driven hard X-ray flashes from carbon nanotube plasma
Compact laser-wakefield-driven X-ray sources show promise but suffer from poor conversion efficiency. New research demonstrates high-yield, hard X-rays generated by using carbon nanotube targets, instead of gases.
- Yinren Shou
- , Pengjie Wang
- & Wenjun Ma
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Article |
Anomalous circularly polarized light emission in organic light-emitting diodes caused by orbital–momentum locking
Circularly polarized light emitted from OLEDs exhibits opposite handedness depending on the propagation direction of the light. Switching the current flow in the OLED also switches the light handedness.
- Li Wan
- , Yizhou Liu
- & Binghai Yan
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Article
| Open AccessSeeded free-electron laser driven by a compact laser plasma accelerator
Researchers demonstrate a laser-plasma accelerator-driven free-electron laser in a seeded configuration, where control over the radiation wavelength and longitudinal coherence are achieved.
- Marie Labat
- , Jurjen Couperus Cabadağ
- & Marie-Emmanuelle Couprie
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Article |
Integrated passive nonlinear optical isolators
The intrinsic Kerr nonlinearity in ring resonators is exploited to demonstrate passive isolation of a continuous-wave laser. Up to 35-dB isolation with 5-dB insertion loss was achieved on-chip.
- Alexander D. White
- , Geun Ho Ahn
- & Jelena Vučković
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News & Views |
Efficient emitters in the NIR-II window
Suppression of exciton–vibration coupling yields organic light-emitting diodes that emit at 1,000 nm in the NIR-II spectral region, which is important for biological imaging.
- Alessandro Minotto
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Efficient and stable one-micrometre-thick organic light-emitting diodes
One-micrometre-thick OLEDs with low operating voltages of 5.11 V, 3.55 V and 6.88 V at 1,000 cd cm–2 for red, green and blue devices, respectively, and long lifetimes (55,000 h, 18,000 h and 1,600 h, respectively) are realized.
- Guanhao Liu
- , Zhiyi Li
- & Ying Wang
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Article |
Efficient selenium-integrated TADF OLEDs with reduced roll-off
Green OLEDs based on BNSeSe offer high operational efficiency and reduced efficiency roll-off.
- Yu Xuan Hu
- , Jingsheng Miao
- & Chuluo Yang
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Article |
Room-temperature continuous-wave indirect-bandgap transition lasing in an ultra-thin WS2 disk
Indirect-bandgap transition lasing, even under continuous-wave excitation at room temperature, is demonstrated in an ultra-thin WS2 disk.
- Junghyun Sung
- , Dongjin Shin
- & Su-Hyun Gong
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Article |
Bright short-wavelength infrared organic light-emitting devices
Organic LEDs based on acceptor–donor–acceptor molecules Y11, IDSe-4Cl and COTIC-4F are shown to be highly effective emitters of short-wave infrared light.
- Yuan Xie
- , Wansheng Liu
- & Yong Cao
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Letter |
High-efficiency and broadband on-chip electro-optic frequency comb generators
A double-ring-resonator device on thin-film lithium niobate enables the generation of electro-optic frequency combs with a 30% power efficiency and an optical span of 132 nm.
- Yaowen Hu
- , Mengjie Yu
- & Marko Lončar
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News & Views |
3D-printing yields structured light
Optical fibres can now directly generate a variety of Bessel beams thanks to custom-designed, intricate 3D-printed structures applied to their tips.
- Siddharth Ramachandran
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Article |
Ultrastable near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes
Near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes with extrapolated device lifespans on the scale of years are achieved by the use of a dipolar molecular stabilizer.
- Bingbing Guo
- , Runchen Lai
- & Dawei Di
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News & Views |
Broadband mid-infrared waveform generation
Coherent multi-octave mid-infrared waveforms are created and manipulated by cascaded intrapulse difference-frequency generation, demonstrating absolute phase control, and adding to the growing arsenal of techniques for arbitrary light-wave control.
- Jeffrey Moses
- & Shu-Wei Huang
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Article
| Open AccessToroidal vortices of light
A new solution to Maxwell’s equations, photonic toroidal vortex, is experimentally realized.
- Chenhao Wan
- , Qian Cao
- & Qiwen Zhan
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Kilowatt-average-power single-mode laser light transmission over kilometre-scale hollow-core fibre
Microstructured optical fibre is shown to be able transmit high-power laser light over long distances with high throughput efficiency.
- H. C. H. Mulvad
- , S. Abokhamis Mousavi
- & F. Poletti
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-cycle infrared waveform control
Continuously adjustable single-cycle waveform spanning from 0.9 to 12.0 μm is obtained by cascaded intrapulse difference-frequency generation in a ZnGeP2 crystal. The cascade-associated phase response—distinct for different spectral bands—provides a new tuning parameter for waveform adjustment.
- Philipp Steinleitner
- , Nathalie Nagl
- & Ka Fai Mak
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Solution-processed green and blue quantum-dot light-emitting diodes with eliminated charge leakage
A new strategy to reduce charge leakage in quantum-dot light-emitting diodes enables high external quantum efficiencies of 28.7% and 21.9% and excellent T95 lifetimes of 580,000 h and 4,400 h for green and blue devices, respectively.
- Yunzhou Deng
- , Feng Peng
- & Yizheng Jin
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Single-pass high-efficiency terahertz free-electron laser
A single-pass free-electron laser based on a waveguide in a tapered helical undulator is developed. The energy conversion efficiency from a relativistic electron beam to terahertz waves at 0.16 THz is ~10%.
- A. Fisher
- , Y. Park
- & P. Musumeci
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News & Views |
A crystal of light vortices
Researchers report a solid-state laser containing metasurfaces that generates a 10 × 10 array of phase-locked optical vortices with tunable orbital angular momentum.
- Philippe St-Jean
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Article
| Open AccessVortex laser arrays with topological charge control and self-healing of defects
A solid-state laser that generates 10 × 10 vortex laser arrays is demonstrated. The topologies are actively tunable.
- Marco Piccardo
- , Michael de Oliveira
- & Antonio Ambrosio
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Large-scale planar and spherical light-emitting diodes based on arrays of perovskite quantum wires
The use of perovskite quantum-wire light emitters results in high-quality planar and spherical light-emitting diodes.
- Daquan Zhang
- , Qianpeng Zhang
- & Zhiyong Fan
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Letter |
Topological-cavity surface-emitting laser
Researchers demonstrate a topological-cavity surface-emitting laser with a 10 W peak power and sub-degree beam divergence at 1,550 nm wavelength. The system is also capable of multiple-wavelength arrays.
- Lechen Yang
- , Guangrui Li
- & Ling Lu
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Electrically driven random lasing from a modified Fabry–Pérot laser diode
Researchers present a cost-effective approach to make electrically driven random lasers, by modifying commercially available laser diodes.
- Antonio Consoli
- , Niccolò Caselli
- & Cefe López
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Review Article |
Integrated optical frequency comb technologies
An examination of the strategies for generating optical frequency combs using integrated photonics.
- Lin Chang
- , Songtao Liu
- & John E. Bowers
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Article |
Dissipative Kerr solitons in semiconductor ring lasers
A ring-cavity quantum cascade laser is demonstrated to generate soliton microcombs in the mid-infrared regime.
- Bo Meng
- , Matthew Singleton
- & Jérôme Faist
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News & Views |
Photonics and the Nobel Prize in Physics
Giorgio Parisi recently shared a Nobel Prize in Physics for his contribution to the theory of complex systems. What is not well known is that photonics was crucial to validating Parisi’s predictions.
- Claudio Conti
- & Eugenio DelRe
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Electroluminescence from nanocrystals above 2 µm
Near-infrared emission at around 2 µm is observed from HgTe nanocrystals. LEDs based on this material platform could prove to be a useful low-cost, convenient light source for applications in gas sensing and other tasks.
- Junling Qu
- , Mateusz Weis
- & Emmanuel Lhuillier
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Q&A |
Redlining lasers for nuclear fusion
The National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory reported over 1.3 MJ output, representing 70% of both input laser energy and official ‘fusion ignition’. Operations manager, Bruno Van Wonterghem, delves into the optics and what to expect next.
- David F. P. Pile
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Review Article |
Landau level laser
Progress on Landau level lasers—based on external magnetic field splitting of electronic states—is reviewed, with particular attention paid to the potential for tunable terahertz lasers.
- Erich Gornik
- , Gottfried Strasser
- & Karl Unterrainer
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News & Views |
Mid-infrared ultrashort pulse generation
The direct generation of femtosecond pulses from an 8-μm quantum cascade laser could prove transformative for sensing and spectroscopy.
- Sukhdeep Dhillon
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Article |
Femtosecond pulses from a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser
Near-transform-limited 630 fs pulses with 4.5 W of peak power are generated by compensating the dispersion of a quantum cascade laser emitting around 8 μm. Their temporal nature is assessed by a new method called asynchronous upconversion sampling.
- Philipp Täschler
- , Mathieu Bertrand
- & Jérôme Faist
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Letter |
Intense few-cycle visible pulses directly generated via nonlinear fibre mode mixing
Direct generation of few-cycle high-energy visible pulses is demonstrated via the nonlinear mixing of hollow-core fibre modes. Compression of near-infrared laser pulses by a factor of 40 with no additional dispersion compensation delivers 4.6 fs, 20 μJ pulses (~2 cycles, ~4 GW peak power) centred at around 600 nm.
- R. Piccoli
- , J. M. Brown
- & L. Razzari
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News & Views |
Metal–organic frameworks protect perovskite
The stabilization of perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) by a surrounding metal–organic framework (MOF) results in a simple yet effective way to make extraordinarily bright PeNC-based LEDs, with stable continuous operation of up to tens of hours.
- Hilmi Volkan Demir
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A photonic integrated quantum secure communication system
Quantum photonic integrated circuits for a standalone quantum secure communication system are developed and packaged into pluggable interconnects. The system is interfaced with 100 Gb s–1 data encryptors and its performance is evaluated over 10 km to 50 km fibre links.
- Taofiq K. Paraïso
- , Thomas Roger
- & Andrew J. Shields
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Letter |
Solution-processed PbS quantum dot infrared laser with room-temperature tunable emission in the optical telecommunications window
Solution-processed infrared lasers that operate at room temperature are a challenge, but now researchers have achieved such a device using colloidal quantum dots.
- G. L. Whitworth
- , M. Dalmases
- & G. Konstantatos
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The role of host–guest interactions in organic emitters employing MR-TADF
This study reveals the importance of host–guest interactions for effective multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence in organic light emitters.
- Xiugang Wu
- , Bo-Kang Su
- & Pi-Tai Chou
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Bright and stable light-emitting diodes made with perovskite nanocrystals stabilized in metal–organic frameworks
The use of metal–organic frameworks helps protect perovskite nanocrystals, resulting in bright, stable light-emitting diodes.
- Hsinhan Tsai
- , Shreetu Shrestha
- & Wanyi Nie
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Editorial |
Live long and prosper
Solution-processing of light-emitting devices is attracting much attention due to low manufacturing costs and access to new materials. In this month’s Focus issue we highlight some of the advances and challenges in the field.