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Senescent cells have complex and important roles in cancer and ageing, but they are quite rare and difficult to characterize in tissues in vivo. In this Expert Recommendation, the SenNet Biomarkers Working Group discusses recent advances in detecting and characterizing cellular senescence and provides recommendations for senescence markers in 14 human and mouse tissues.
Biomolecular condensates are emerging as hubs of splicing regulation. This Review discusses the modulation of condensate functions through alternative splicing, regulation of (co-transcriptional) splicing at condensates and the involvement of these condensates in human diseases.
Verheyen and Gottardi revisit two seminal papers by the Basler, Peifer and Clevers labs elucidating the role of nuclear β-catenin in Wnt signal transduction through its interaction with TCF at Wnt target genes.
Claire Durrant reminds us of the importance of studying the physiological roles of proteins and their aggregates to understand their roles in disease and inform therapies, discussing a 2008 paper on amyloid-β from the Arancio lab.
Stephanie Moon discusses findings that revealed that ribosome stalling can lead to the suppression of translation initiation in the brain, delaying the onset of neurodegeneration.
Oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions involving reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species are vital for life, but excessive oxidant levels contribute to ageing and diseases. This Review explores cellular dynamics of redox homeostasis, such as responses to oxidative and reductive stresses and intracellular and intercellular redox communication pathways.
During embryonic epithelial–mesenchymal transition, epithelial cells undergo substantial phenotypic changes and acquire migration capacity. This Review compares embryonic and adult non-cancer EMTs and discusses the role of EMTs in adult tissue repair and fibrosis, highlighting therapeutic opportunities to modulate EMT to reduce fibrosis and promote repair.
This article reviews the current landscape of targeted protein degradation approaches and how they have parallels in biological processes. The authors also outline the ongoing clinical exploration of novel degraders and provide some perspectives on the directions the field might take.
The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) mediates the tissue effects of senescent cells. This Review discusses the composition, regulation and various biological implications of the SASP and its uses as a biomarker and a target of senomorphic drugs to treat cancer and other age-related conditions.
Robert Parton and colleagues discuss novel evidence on the role of dynamin in caveolar endocytosis, which calls into question established models of dynamin-mediated fission.
Reversible S-palmitoylation regulates gasdermin D cleavage, membrane translocation and pore formation to control pyroptosis following bacterial infection.
In the Journal Club, Fabrizio d’Adda di Fagagna remembers how the work of Judy Campisi changed our understanding of cellular senescence and its effect on physiology and ageing, shaping the future of this research field.
Tissues undergo changes in their mechanical and material properties through alterations in cytoskeleton organization, extracellular matrix adhesion and cell–cell connectivity. These mechanical state transitions orchestrate cell proliferation and movement and tissue growth during development, in adult tissue repair and in disease contexts.
The assembly of large protein–pigment photosystem supercomplexes relies on several assembly factors. Zhang et al. describe a novel assembly factor that evolved during the terrestrialization of land plants.
Fibroblasts undergo transient activation into myofibroblasts to restore homeostasis to injured tissues. This Review explores the influence of mechanical cues and epigenetic modifications on (myo)fibroblast activation and memory and discusses potential therapeutic prevention of persistent myofibroblast activation in fibrosis.