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The iron protein components of bacterial nitrogenases are capable of reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) in the absence of their catalytic partners, mimicking the activity of CO dehydrogenase.
Super-binding peptides based on sequences of glycine receptors that interact with the neuronal scaffold protein gephyrin are useful for isolating and localizing native gephyrin and for modulation of glycinergic synaptic transmission.
Hydrogen–deuterium (H/D) exchange combined with NMR spectroscopy analysis of nucleosomal arrays identified an acidic patch on ubiquitin that mediates chromatin decompaction and further supports that ubiquitin–ubiquitin interactions are needed for chromatin solubilization.
Single-molecule high-resolution optical trapping techniques elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the unwinding of RNA duplexes by the helicase Mtr4p, including how it restricts directional translocation to duplex regions.
A sulfonamide series lacking the prototypical side chain behave as full antagonists or inverse agonists of estrogen receptor (ERα) signaling in a graded fashion dependent on coactivator recruitment and helix-11 positioning.
Computational design enables the generation of a chimeric construct of the RAS exchange factor SOS that is specifically activated by a small molecule. The expression of this construct in different cell types reveals distinct phosphorylation kinetics.
Three newly identified endogenous ligands of the nuclear receptor PPARα—hydroxydimethylbutyrate, hexadecanamide and octadecenamide—are implicated in the noncanonical activity of PPARα in synaptic function and hippocampal plasticity.
Interfacing photosynthetic proteins and electrodes for investigating light-induced charge separation remains challenging. The discovery of a competing charge transfer pathway through the light-harvesting antenna defines new design requirements for electrode modification.
Through simultaneous binding to more than one site in a single protein, multivalent small molecules can achieve huge increases in potency. This 'avidity effect' has been demonstrated in BET bromodomain-containing proteins with bivalent probes that represent some of the most potent BET inhibitors to date.
Ferroptosis is characterized by accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal ROS, but the source and identity of lipid death signals that cause toxicity are poorly defined. New studies reveal that ACSL4 controls sensitivity to ferroptosis and that oxidized phosphatidylethanolamines are critical for ferroptosis execution.
Engineering of temperature-sensitive DNA repressors led to thermal bioswitches, allowing Escherichia coli to respond sharply to temperature at tunable set points and enabling application to host diagnostics and disease therapy.
ACSL4 is critical for induction of ferroptosis, a programmed form of necrotic cell death, through the production of long polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be inhibited in an in vivo ferroptosis model with a small molecule ACSL4 inhibitor.
Characterization of five enzymes involved in gibberellin production in rhizobia completes the elucidation of its biosynthetic pathway and indicates that bacteria have independently evolved this pathway separate from the ones found in plants and fungi.
Arachidonyl and adrenoyl PE phospholipids generated by ACSL4, an acyl-CoA synthase, are doubly or triply oxidized by lipoxygenases and other iron-containing sources of oxidation to promote ferroptotic cell death.
New approaches allow tight control over Cas9 activity using chemical induction. These studies expand the ability to rapidly induce and suppress Cas9-mediated nuclease activity and conditionally modulate the multiplex regulation of endogenous gene expression.
