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Short-term very low-calorie diet in obese females improves the haemostatic balance through the reduction of leptin levels, PAI-1 concentrations and a diminished release of platelet and leukocyte-derived microparticles

International Journal of Obesity volume 35, pages 1479–1486 (2011)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background:

In obesity, metabolic stress and inflammation in injured tissues could favour enhanced shedding of procoagulant microparticles (MPs). At sites of endothelium injury, the swift recruitment of procoagulant leukocyte-derived MPs enables the initiation of blood coagulation and thrombus growth.

Objectives:

In obese females, we sought to evaluate the impact of a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) on procoagulant MP levels, fibrinolytic status, inflammation and endothelium damage.

Methods:

Circulating biomarkers of vascular damage, fibrinolytic status, platelet activation and inflammation were measured before, 30 and 90 days after starting a short-term VLCD. MPs were measured by flow cytometry and capture assays. Their procoagulant potential was quantified using functional prothrombinase assays and their cellular origin were determined using flow cytometry (endothelium, platelet, leukocyte, lymphocyte and erythrocyte-derived MP) or capture assays.

Results:

A total of 24 obese females (39±10 years) with a mean body mass index of 35±4 kg m−2 were prospectively enroled. Procoagulant leukocyte-derived MPs were associated with the waist circumference at baseline (r=0.534; P=0.010) and at 90 days follow-up (r=0.487; P=0.021). At 90 days, weight reduction (−9.8%) was associated with a lowering of blood pressure, improvement of metabolic parameters and a significant reduction of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (−38%), procoagulant platelet-derived MPs (−43%), leukocyte-derived MPs (−28%) and leptin (−32%) levels.

Conclusion:

In obese females, a short-term VLCD results in an overall improvement of the haemostatic balance characterized by the reduction of PAI-levels, diminished release of platelet and leukocyte-derived MPs and a reduction in leptin levels, an adipocyte-derived cytokine.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the PHRC (Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique) regional. VLCD was provided by Insudiet (ZI du Taillis, BP 10006, 49270 Champtoceaux, France). The authors thank Drs Caneva, Perrin and Busch and the dieticians for the clinical supervision of the patients and Dr F McKenna for careful english editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pôle d'activité médico-chirurgicale Cardiovasculaire des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, place de l'Hôpital, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    O Morel & L Jesel

  2. Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    O Morel & F Toti

  3. U.770 INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

    O Morel & F Toti

  4. Pôle de Médecine Interne et de Nutrition des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    F Luca, C Simon & B Goichot

  5. Département d'Hémostase des Hôpitaux Universitaires de CHU Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France

    L Grunebaum & D Desprez

  6. Département de Biostatistique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    N Meyer

  7. Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France

    S Robert & F Dignat-George

  8. Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud 11, Paris, France

    F Toti

  9. Université de Lyon Lyon, INSERM/U870 INRA/U1235, CRNH Rhône-Alpes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Oullins, France

    C Simon

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  1. O Morel
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Correspondence to O Morel.

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Morel, O., Luca, F., Grunebaum, L. et al. Short-term very low-calorie diet in obese females improves the haemostatic balance through the reduction of leptin levels, PAI-1 concentrations and a diminished release of platelet and leukocyte-derived microparticles. Int J Obes 35, 1479–1486 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2011.19

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