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Taming TLR4 may ease seizures

Activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) via a nuclear protein released from dying cells, high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, leads to chronic epilepsy in rat models and in human epileptic tissue. Blocking this inflammatory pathway may constitute a new antiepileptic treatment strategy (pages 413–419).

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Figure 1: Interaction between HMGB1 and TLR4 promotes seizures.

Kim Caesar

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Correspondence to Gregory L Holmes.

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Kleen, J., Holmes, G. Taming TLR4 may ease seizures. Nat Med 16, 369–370 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0410-369

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