Abstract
Meiotic and early-embryonic cell divisions in vertebrates take place in the absence of transcription and rely on the translational regulation of stored maternal messenger RNAs. Most of these mRNAs are regulated by the cytoplasmic-polyadenylation-element-binding protein (CPEB), which mediates translational activation and repression through cytoplasmic changes in their poly(A) tail length. It was unknown whether translational regulation by cytoplasmic polyadenylation and CPEB can also regulate mRNAs at specific points of mitotic cell-cycle divisions. Here we show that CPEB-mediated post-transcriptional regulation by phase-specific changes in poly(A) tail length is required for cell proliferation and specifically for entry into M phase in mitotically dividing cells. This translational control is mediated by two members of the CPEB family of proteins, CPEB1 and CPEB4. We conclude that regulation of poly(A) tail length is not only required to compensate for the lack of transcription in specialized cell divisions but also acts as a general mechanism to control mitosis.
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Acknowledgements
Anti-MS2 antibodies were provided by Mike Kiledjian (Rutgers University), anti-CPSF100 antibodies by James Manley (Columbia University), and anti-CPEB1 antibodies by Dominique Weil (Institut Andre Lwoff). We thank Oscar Fornas (Flow Cytometry Facility at UPF) and Lauro Sumoy (Microarray Facility) for technical advice, and members of the Méndez and Fátima Gebauer laboratory, Mercedes Fernández, Juan Valcárcel, Josep Vilardell, Roderic Guigó and other colleagues from the Gene Expression Program, for helpful advice and critically reading the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Fundació 'Marató de TV3' to R.M., and FIS and Marie Curie Reintegration grants to I.N. R.M. is a recipient of a contract from the I3 contract (MEC), and I.N. from the 'Programa Ramón y Cajal' (MEC).
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J.G. performed the experiments shown in Figs 3b–d, 4b and 5a. P.G.F performed the motif analysis of 3′ UTR sequences shown in Supplementary Information, Tables S5–S7. I.N. performed the rest of the experiments. I.N. and R.M. contributed to the experimental design and prepared the manuscript.
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Novoa, I., Gallego, J., Ferreira, P. et al. Mitotic cell-cycle progression is regulated by CPEB1 and CPEB4-dependent translational control. Nat Cell Biol 12, 447–456 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb2046
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb2046
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