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| Open AccessStrong bulk photovoltaic effect in engineered edge-embedded van der Waals structures
The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) is a nonlinear optical effect offering a promising approach to overcome the limitations of conventional photovoltaics. Here, the authors report the observation of BPVE-induced photocurrents at the edges of 2D semiconductors embedded in various van der Waals heterostructures.
- Zihan Liang
- , Xin Zhou
- & Xiaolong Chen
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Article
| Open AccessLabel-free adaptive optics single-molecule localization microscopy for whole zebrafish
Specimen-induced aberration can limit the imaging depth in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Here, the authors apply label-free wavefront sensing adaptive optics to SMLM for deep-tissue super-resolution imaging.
- Sanghyeon Park
- , Yonghyeon Jo
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessEarthquake focal mechanisms with distributed acoustic sensing
Determining earthquake faulting orientation is essential for understanding earthquake-stress interactions. Here, the authors present a technique that leverages telecom fiber optic cables to improve the estimation of this fundamental parameter.
- Jiaxuan Li
- , Weiqiang Zhu
- & Zhongwen Zhan
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Article
| Open AccessDynamic imaging of interfacial electrochemistry on single Ag nanowires by azimuth-modulated plasmonic scattering interferometry
Direct visualization of the chemical dynamics of surfaces in solution is essential to gain mechanistic insights into nanocatalysis and electrochemistry. Here, the authors demonstrate the imaging of dynamic interfacial changes on a single nanowire during chemical reactions using azimuthally modulated plasmonic scattering interferometry.
- Gang Wu
- , Chen Qian
- & Xian-Wei Liu
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Article
| Open AccessLarge depth-of-field ultra-compact microscope by progressive optimization and deep learning
Traditional optical microscope, while bulky, often fails to deliver optimal performance. Here, the authors have engineered an integrated microscope of 0.15 cm3 in volume and a weight of 0.5 g, which outperforms a commercial microscope and can be seamlessly integrated with a smartphone.
- Yuanlong Zhang
- , Xiaofei Song
- & Qionghai Dai
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Article
| Open AccessHydrodynamic spin-orbit coupling in asynchronous optically driven micro-rotors
Hydrodynamically coupled rotors can be used to describe interactions ranging from molecular machines to atmospheric dynamics. Modin et al. show that optically-driven rotors in a non-tweezing beam can freely diffuse while spinning asynchronously and develop an analytical hydrodynamic model to explain.
- Alvin Modin
- , Matan Yah Ben Zion
- & Paul M. Chaikin
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| Open AccessProbing hyperbolic and surface phonon-polaritons in 2D materials using Raman spectroscopy
Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in anisotropic van der Waals materials hold promise for nanophotonic applications, but their far-field characterization remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate the application of Raman spectroscopy in a backscattering configuration to determine the dispersion of HPhPs in thin GaSe crystals.
- Alaric Bergeron
- , Clément Gradziel
- & Sébastien Francoeur
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Article
| Open AccessSub-picosecond collapse of molecular polaritons to pure molecular transition in plasmonic photoswitch-nanoantennas
Pump-probe spectroscopy is a versatile technique to explore ultrafast dynamics on the femtosecond timescale. Here the authors report a pump-probe experiment and quantum modeling combined study revealing dynamics of collective polaritonic states that are formed between a molecular photoswitch and plasmonic nanoantennas.
- Joel Kuttruff
- , Marco Romanelli
- & Nicolò Maccaferri
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Article
| Open AccessFano resonant optical coatings platform for full gamut and high purity structural colors
Fano resonant optical coatings (FROCs) present an ideal platform for structural coloring from thin-film metamaterials. This platform provides full-color gamut coverage at greater than 61% of the CIE gamut, with exceptionally high purity (up to 99%) and high brightness. FROCs exhibit tunable iridescence, cost-effective and scalable manufacturing, and significant advantages over existing structural coloring schemes.
- Mohamed ElKabbash
- , Nathaniel Hoffman
- & Chunlei Guo
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Article
| Open AccessCavity-enhanced single-shot readout of a quantum dot spin within 3 nanoseconds
Single-shot readout of optically active spin qubits is typically limited by low photon collection rates and measurement back-action. Here the authors overcome these limitations by using an open cavity approach for single-shot readout of a semiconductor quantum dot and demonstrate record readout time of a few ns.
- Nadia O. Antoniadis
- , Mark R. Hogg
- & Richard J. Warburton
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-speed scanless entire bandwidth mid-infrared chemical imaging
The authors present a fast mid-infrared hyperspectral chemical imaging technique that uses chirped pulse upconversion of sub-cycle pulses at the image plane, with lateral resolution of 15 µm and an adjustable field of view and large spectral range. They demonstrate identification and mapping different components in a microfluidic device, plant cell, and mouse embryo.
- Yue Zhao
- , Shota Kusama
- & Takao Fuji
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Article
| Open AccessAn electroluminescent and tunable cavity-enhanced carbon-nanotube-emitter in the telecom band
Here, the authors report the scalable integration of electroluminescent semiconducting carbon nanotubes between nanographene electrical contacts in photonic crystal cavities, showing high coupling efficiency and dynamic electrical control of the enhanced electroluminescent light emission intensity in the telecom range.
- Anna P. Ovvyan
- , Min-Ken Li
- & Wolfram H. P. Pernice
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| Open AccessElectronic transport driven by collective light-matter coupled states in a quantum device
Here the authors investigate the electronic transport in microcavity-coupled quantum detector with strong collective electronic resonances. Their findings present a way to optimize photodetectors operating in the ultra-strong light-matter coupling regime.
- Francesco Pisani
- , Djamal Gacemi
- & Yanko Todorov
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Article
| Open AccessDynamic control of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams
A metasurface is used to generate a hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beam, which can be dynamically controlled with a half waveplate. The beam has spatially variant rates of polarization change due to the involvement of more topological charges.
- Hammad Ahmed
- , Muhammad Afnan Ansari
- & Xianzhong Chen
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| Open AccessHyperbolic polaritonic crystals with configurable low-symmetry Bloch modes
Photonic crystals (PhCs) are artificial periodic materials that can be used to manipulate the flow of light. Here, the authors report the realization of asymmetric PhCs based on in-plane hyperbolic phonon polaritons in perforated α-MoO3, showing low-symmetry deep-subwavelength Bloch modes that are robust against lattice rearrangement in specific directions.
- Jiangtao Lv
- , Yingjie Wu
- & Qingdong Ou
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Article
| Open AccessAchieving near-perfect light absorption in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides through band nesting
The authors demonstrate near-perfect light absorption using only two atomic layers of transition metal dichalcogenides. This is achieved by reducing interlayer interaction which optimizes band nesting, and does not require the use of complex metasurfaces.
- Seungjun Lee
- , Dongjea Seo
- & Tony Low
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum simulation of thermodynamics in an integrated quantum photonic processor
The emergence of relaxation in unitarily evolving systems can be seen as a paradox, but not once the distinction between local and global dynamics is considered. Here, the authors use photons in an integrated optical interferometer to show that, for a system evolving unitarily on a global level, single-mode measurements converge to those of a thermal state.
- F. H. B. Somhorst
- , R. van der Meer
- & J. J. Renema
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Article
| Open AccessUltrafast imaging of polariton propagation and interactions
Exciton-polaritons are part-light part-matter states in semiconductors. Here the authors leverage momentum-resolved optical microscopy to image ballistic and diffusive propagation of exciton-polaritons on femtosecond scales.
- Ding Xu
- , Arkajit Mandal
- & Milan Delor
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| Open AccessDemonstration of quantum-digital payments
There are different quantum algorithms developed for the security of current cryptographic concepts. Here the authors demonstrate a method to perform quantum-secured digital payments using unforgeable quantum cryptograms over an optical fiber link and verify the information-theoretic security.
- Peter Schiansky
- , Julia Kalb
- & Philip Walther
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| Open AccessMachining water through laser cutting of nanoparticle-encased water pancakes
“Due to the inherent disorder and fluidity of water, machining of water through laser cutting is challenging. Here, authors report a strategy through laser cutting to realize the machining of nanoparticle encased water pancakes with the depth of water at sub-millimeter level.”
- Jicheng Niu
- , Wenjing Liu
- & Fei Li
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Article
| Open AccessInterspecies exciton interactions lead to enhanced nonlinearity of dipolar excitons and polaritons in MoS2 homobilayers
In semiconductors, accessing nonlinear interactions between excitons strongly coupled to light will be key for quantum technologies. Here, in atomic bilayers of MoS2, new types of excitons are discovered showing strong inter-excitonic interactions.
- Charalambos Louca
- , Armando Genco
- & Alexander I. Tartakovskii
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Article
| Open AccessCoherent optical control of a superconducting microwave cavity via electro-optical dynamical back-action
Electro-optical interfaces are promising for quantum networks of superconducting circuits. Here the authors demonstrate a coherent optical control of a superconducting microwave resonator in the unity cooperativity regime of cavity electro-optics.
- Liu Qiu
- , Rishabh Sahu
- & Johannes M. Fink
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| Open AccessInteraction-driven transport of dark excitons in 2D semiconductors with phonon-mediated optical readout
Here, the authors demonstrate that dark excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides can diffuse over several micrometers, and prove that this repulsion-driven propagation is robust across non-uniform samples.
- Saroj B. Chand
- , John M. Woods
- & Gabriele Grosso
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Article
| Open AccessNon-line-of-sight snapshots and background mapping with an active corner camera
Most non-line-of-sight imaging requires scanned illumination, limiting applicability for dynamic scenes. Here the authors exploit occlusion and a sensor array to estimate locations and sizes of moving foreground objects and a static background map.
- Sheila Seidel
- , Hoover Rueda-Chacón
- & Vivek K Goyal
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| Open AccessImaging the field inside nanophotonic accelerators
The optical field inside a nanophotonic particle accelerator is revealed. To this end, the authors developed a field imaging technique for spatial and spectral resolution on the nanometer scale.
- Tal Fishman
- , Urs Haeusler
- & Ido Kaminer
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Article
| Open Access400nm ultra-broadband gratings for near-single-cycle 100 Petawatt lasers
Gratings are used for pulse compression and stretching in chirped pulse amplification (CPA) or optical parametric CPA methods. Here the authors demonstrate ultra-broadband gold gratings that can compress single-cycle pulses with powers around 100 petawatts.
- Yuxing Han
- , Zhaoyang Li
- & Jianda Shao
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Article
| Open AccessAsynchronous locking in metamaterials of fluids of light and sound
Exciton-polariton condensates are hybrid systems with nonlinear interactions. Here the authors demonstrate metamaterials with inter-site polariton coupling and asynchronous locking of light fluids from neighbor sites at the energy detuning.
- D. L. Chafatinos
- , A. S. Kuznetsov
- & A. Fainstein
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| Open AccessDirect laser writing of 3D electrodes on flexible substrates
This report describes a 3D microelectrode array integrated on a thin-film flexible cable using traditional thin-film processing techniques and direct laser writing of 3D structures at micron resolution via two-photon lithography for neural recording.
- Morgan A. Brown
- , Kara M. Zappitelli
- & Timothy J. Gardner
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Article
| Open AccessDeep optoacoustic localization microangiography of ischemic stroke in mice
Optoacoustic super-resolution at millimeter-scale depths has been impeded by the strong background absorption from blood cells. Here, the authors use dichloromethane microdroplets with high optical absorption and demonstrate 3D microangiography of the mouse brain via optoacoustic localization.
- Xosé Luís Deán-Ben
- , Justine Robin
- & Daniel Razansky
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| Open AccessDeep learning-based incoherent holographic camera enabling acquisition of real-world holograms for holographic streaming system
The authors develop a deep learning-based incoherent holographic camera system in order to deliver visually enhanced holograms in real-time. The neural network filters the noise in the captured holograms, and by integrating a holographic camera and a display, they demonstrate a holographic streaming system.
- Hyeonseung Yu
- , Youngrok Kim
- & Hong-Seok Lee
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Article
| Open AccessAll-organic polymeric materials with high refractive index and excellent transparency
The easy preparation of high efractive index transparent polymers is highly desirable owing to their interesting optoelectronic applications. Here, the authors apply an organobase catalyzed polymerization of bromoalkynes and dithiophenols to produce sulfur-containing all organic high refractive index polymers with excellent optical transparency.
- Jie Zhang
- , Tianwen Bai
- & Ben Zhong Tang
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Article
| Open AccessA heterogeneously integrated lithium niobate-on-silicon nitride photonic platform
Lithium niobate plays an important role in integrated photonics, but its widespread application requires a reliable solution. Here, the authors present a wafer-scale approach to LNOI integration via wafer bonding to silicon nitride PICs.
- Mikhail Churaev
- , Rui Ning Wang
- & Tobias J. Kippenberg
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Article
| Open AccessA chip-scale atomic beam clock
Compact atomic clocks and atom interferometers are desired for on-chip integration. Here the authors demonstrate a chip-scale atomic beam of 87Rb atoms and its application as an atomic beam clock
- Gabriela D. Martinez
- , Chao Li
- & William R. McGehee
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Article
| Open AccessImaging and controlling coherent phonon wave packets in single graphene nanoribbons
Here, the authors demonstrate that the atomic motion induced by broadband laser pulses in a single graphene nanoribbon (GNR) can be tracked by femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) when performed in a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM).
- Yang Luo
- , Alberto Martin-Jimenez
- & Klaus Kern
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-speed tunable microwave-rate soliton microcomb
A microwave-rate soliton microcomb whose repetition rate can be modulated at 75 MHz. Moreover, the repetition rate can be locked to an external microwave reference by direct injection locking or feedback locking without external modulation.
- Yang He
- , Raymond Lopez-Rios
- & Qiang Lin
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| Open AccessCollective excitations of a bound-in-the-continuum condensate
Bound-states-in-the-continuum (BICs) display unique features like symmetry protection from dissipation, long lifetimes and topological charges. Here the authors demonstrate anisotropic Bogoliubov excitation spectrum of polariton condensate from a BIC using a patterned semiconductor GaAs/AlGaAs waveguide.
- Anna Grudinina
- , Maria Efthymiou-Tsironi
- & Nina Voronova
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Article
| Open AccessNon-volatile electrically programmable integrated photonics with a 5-bit operation
Phase change materials (PCMs) are promising for low-power programmable photonic circuits. Here, authors show electrically controlled wide-bandgap PCM antimony sulfide achieving low loss, high cyclability and up to 32 levels, and post-fabrication trimming is also demonstrated.
- Rui Chen
- , Zhuoran Fang
- & Arka Majumdar
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Article
| Open AccessUltrahigh-Q guided mode resonances in an All-dielectric metasurface
The authors report a simple strategy to enable ultrahigh-Q guided-mode resonances by introducing a patterned perturbation layer on top of a multilayer-waveguide system. Such high-Q resonances are experimentally demonstrated with measured Q-factors up to 2.4 × 105.
- Lujun Huang
- , Rong Jin
- & Andrey E. Miroshnichenko
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Article
| Open AccessRevealing core-valence interactions in solution with femtosecond X-ray pump X-ray probe spectroscopy
Pump-probe spectroscopy is routinely used to interrogate ultrafast valence electronic and vibrational dynamics in complex systems. Here, the authors extend this technique to the X-ray regime using a sequence of femtosecond X-ray pulses to understand core-valence interactions in a solvated molecular complex.
- Robert B. Weakly
- , Chelsea E. Liekhus-Schmaltz
- & Munira Khalil
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Article
| Open AccessLong-wave infrared photothermoelectric detectors with ultrahigh polarization sensitivity
Infrared polarization-sensitive photodetectors are attractive owing to their widespread applications. Here, the authors report a long-wave infrared photodetector with an ultrahigh polarization sensitivity by leveraging the 1D geometry of Tellurium nanoribbon and the finite-size effect of a perfect plasmonic absorber.
- Mingjin Dai
- , Chongwu Wang
- & Qi Jie Wang
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Article
| Open AccessChirality selective magnon-phonon hybridization and magnon-induced chiral phonons in a layered zigzag antiferromagnet
Phonons are the collective excitations of the lattice of a material, and can, in the case of chiral phonons, carry angular momentum, allowing for strong coupling to the magnetic properties of the material. Here, Cui, Bostrom and co-authors observe chiral magnon polarons, the hybridized quasiparticles of chiral phonons and magnons, in the van der Waals antiferromagnet FePSe3.
- Jun Cui
- , Emil Viñas Boström
- & Qi Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessIntegrated quantum optical phase sensor in thin film lithium niobate
Squeezed light allows for quantum-enhanced, sub-shot-noise sensing, but its generation and use on a chip has so far remained elusive. Here, the authors fill this gap by demonstrating a thin-film lithium-niobate-based integrated quantum optical sensor, which beats shot-noise-limited SNR by ~ 4%.
- Hubert S. Stokowski
- , Timothy P. McKenna
- & Amir H. Safavi-Naeini
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Article
| Open AccessAll-silicon quantum light source by embedding an atomic emissive center in a nanophotonic cavity
The use of silicon for integrated quantum photonic technologies is currently hindered by the lack of suitable on-demand quantum light sources. Here, the authors fill this gap by demonstrating the creation of single atomic emissive centers in silicon and their efficient coupling with nanophotonic cavities.
- W. Redjem
- , Y. Zhiyenbayev
- & B. Kanté
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Article
| Open AccessTwo-photon imaging of soliton dynamics
The authors present a moving-parts-free approach for visualizing soliton motion in optical cavities that lifts the wavelength and speed constraints of contemporary pulsed laser diagnostic techniques.
- Łukasz A. Sterczewski
- & Jarosław Sotor
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Article
| Open AccessThree-dimensional printing of silica glass with sub-micrometer resolution
Silica glass is a high-performance material used in most branches of society from glassware and windows to optical lenses and fibers. Here, we develop a sintering-free method for 3D printing silica glass with sub-micrometer resolution and successfully demonstrate an optical microtoroid resonator.
- Po-Han Huang
- , Miku Laakso
- & Frank Niklaus
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Article
| Open AccessCoherent Stokes Raman scattering microscopy (CSRS)
Coherent Stokes Raman scattering (CSRS) has never been explored previously for chemical imaging due to a strong fluorescence background. Here, the authors demonstrate the first fluorescence-free CSRS laser scanning microscope and predict CSRS’ unique backscattering properties.
- Sandro Heuke
- & Hervé Rigneault
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Article
| Open AccessGiant optomechanical spring effect in plasmonic nano- and picocavities probed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Extreme confinement of light in plasmonic nanocavities strongly enhances the optomechanical coupling of light with molecular vibrations. Here, the authors use a giant optical spring effect to reversibly weaken molecular bonds.
- Lukas A. Jakob
- , William M. Deacon
- & Jeremy J. Baumberg
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Article
| Open AccessEye accommodation-inspired neuro-metasurface focusing
Here the authors propose for the first time the concept of supervised-evolving learning (SEL) and a corresponding SEL-driven adaptive focusing (SELAF) system. This metasurface can adaptively realize focusing at any specified position for waves incident from any direction. This work demonstrates unprecedented potential for tasks involving real-time, fast and complex electromagnetic wave manipulation.
- Huan Lu
- , Jiwei Zhao
- & Hongsheng Chen
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Article
| Open AccessDrug screening at single-organoid resolution via bioprinting and interferometry
Traditional 2D cell culture platforms do not accurately reflect the physiology of human tumors. Here, authors combine bioprinting and high-speed live cell interferometry with machine learning to measure drug sensitivity at single-organoid resolution in a label-free manner.
- Peyton J. Tebon
- , Bowen Wang
- & Alice Soragni