Innate immune cells articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) are important mediators of innate immunity. Here the authors show that N-myc and STAT interactor (NMI) and interferon-induced protein 35 (IFP35) act as DAMPs to promote inflammation by activating macrophages via the Toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κB pathways.

    • Zhikai Xiahou
    • , Xiangli Wang
    •  & Huanhuan Liang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Zbtb16-encoded transcription factor PLZF directs the differentiation of multiple innate and innate-like cell lineages, but how Zbtb16 itself is regulated remains unclear. Here the authors show, using CRISPR gene editing, ATAC-seq and ChIP-seq, that specific Runx1-bound enhancer elements critically modulate lineage-dependent expressions of PLZF.

    • Ai-Ping Mao
    • , Isabel E. Ishizuka
    •  & Albert Bendelac

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Molecular mechanisms of macrophage-mediated regulation of artery growth in response to ischemia are poorly understood. Here the authors show that vascular endothelium controls macrophage maturation and differentiation via Notch signaling, which in turn promotes arteriogenesis and ischemic tissue recovery.

    • Kashyap Krishnasamy
    • , Anne Limbourg
    •  & Florian P. Limbourg

  • Article
    | Open Access

    TLR9 is highly expressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and detects nucleic acids, but to discriminate between host and microbial nucleic acids TLR9 is sorted into different endosomal compartments. Here the authors show that BAD-LAMP limits type 1 interferon responses by sorting TLR9 to late endosomal compartments.

    • Alexis Combes
    • , Voahirana Camosseto
    •  & Evelina Gatti

  • Article
    | Open Access

    MicroRNAs (miR) are important regulators of gene transcription, with miR-155 and miR-146a both implicated in macrophage activation. Here the authors show that NF-κB signalling, miR-155 and miR-146a form a complex network of cross-regulations to control gene transcription in macrophages for modulating inflammatory responses.

    • Mati Mann
    • , Arnav Mehta
    •  & David Baltimore

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Broadly reactive antibodies that recognize influenza A virus HA can be protective, but the mechanism is not completely understood. Here, He et al. show that the inflammatory response and phagocytosis mediated by the interaction between protective antibodies and macrophages are essential for protection.

    • Wenqian He
    • , Chi-Jene Chen
    •  & Gene S. Tan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) promote cancer progression. Here, the author show that caspase-1 promotes TAMs differentiation by attenuating medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity and that inhibition of this axis results in suppression of tumour growth in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer.

    • Zhiyuan Niu
    • , Qian Shi
    •  & Pingping Shen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Developmental cues for the different dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the intestine are yet to be defined. Here the authors show that TGFβR1 signalling is needed for development of CD103+CD11b+ intestinal DCs from CD103−CD11b+ cells and that they contribute to the generation of Th17 and regulatory T cells

    • C. C. Bain
    • , J. Montgomery
    •  & A. McI. Mowat

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Neutrophils are important modulators of tissue damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but how this function is regulated is not clear. Here, the authors show interleukin-27 promotes the tissue-protecting functions of neutrophils via, at least partly, the induction of lactoferrin to present a potential therapy for ICH.

    • Xiurong Zhao
    • , Shun-Ming Ting
    •  & Jaroslaw Aronowski

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) modulate inflammatory and allergic responses, but their function in cancer immunity is still unclear. Here the authors show that, in acute promyelocytic leukaemia, tumour-activated ILC2s secrete IL-13 to induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells and support tumour growth.

    • Sara Trabanelli
    • , Mathieu F. Chevalier
    •  & Camilla Jandus

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The NLRP3 inflammasome is key to the regulation of innate immunity against pathogens or stress, but the underlying signaling regulation is still unclear. Here the authors show that chloride intracellular channels (CLIC) interface between mitochondria stress and inflammasome activation to modulate inflammatory responses.

    • Tiantian Tang
    • , Xueting Lang
    •  & Rongbin Zhou

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Axl is a TAM receptor that can inhibit Toll-like receptor (TLR) -induced pro-inflammatory production by dendritic cells (DC). Here the authors show that miR-34a targets Axl to control CD1c+ DC activity in mice, and that miR-34a-deficient mice are resistant to collagen-induced arthritis, whereas DCs from patients with rheumatoid arthritis have high levels of miR- 34a.

    • Mariola Kurowska-Stolarska
    • , Stefano Alivernini
    •  & Iain B. McInnes

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are thought to direct immune responses, but little is known about the development and maintenance of ILC subsets. Here the authors show that WASH maintains the pool of NKp46+ ILC3s by recruiting Arid1a to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor promoter and inducing its expression.

    • Pengyan Xia
    • , Jing Liu
    •  & Zusen Fan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Low dose of the heat shock protein gp96 can drive effector T-cell responses, yet high-dose gp96 is immunosuppressive by expanding the regulatory T-cell population. Here the authors explain this dichotomy by showing that high-dose gp96 can drive plasmacytoid dendritic cell expression of neuropilin-1, thus functionally supporting interaction with Treg cells.

    • Lauren B. Kinner-Bibeau
    • , Abigail L. Sedlacek
    •  & Robert J. Binder

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Glucose is an important nutrient that feeds into glycolytic control of T cell function and differentiation. Here the authors show that T cells are superior to dendritic cells (DC) at glucose uptake, and by depriving DCs of this nutrient in their microenvironment T cells activate DC proinflammatory functions, which in turn enhance T cell effector functions in DC-T cell cocultures.

    • Simon J. Lawless
    • , Nidhi Kedia-Mehta
    •  & David K. Finlay

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The binding of the leukocyte integrin Mac1 to the platelet receptor GPIbα is important for the physiological response to tissue injury. Here the authors show that this interaction also regulates thrombosis, without influencing bleeding time, which may provide clues for the development of new anti-thrombotic drugs.

    • Yunmei Wang
    • , Huiyun Gao
    •  & Daniel I. Simon

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Long-term consumption of a calorie-rich diet persistently activates brain microglia. Here, the authors show that microglial activity in mouse brains oscillates daily in conjunction with feeding, and that TNFα, secreted by activated microglia, induces mitochondrial stress in satiety-promoting POMC neurons.

    • Chun-Xia Yi
    • , Marc Walter
    •  & Matthias H. Tschöp

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In vitro models to study the role of host genetics in the response to chlamydial infection are limited. Here, Yeung et al. show that macrophages derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (which can be genetically manipulated) support chlamydial infection and can be used for this purpose.

    • Amy T. Y. Yeung
    • , Christine Hale
    •  & Robert E. W. Hancock

  • Article
    | Open Access

    ILC2 and ILC3 are generally thought to require IL-7. Here the authors use IL-7 ko mice and provide side-by-side comparison of ILCs from different tissues to show that IL-7 signalling is not required for intestinal ILC maintenance or function and that IL-15 can compensate for absence of IL-7.

    • Michelle L. Robinette
    • , Jennifer K. Bando
    •  & Marco Colonna

  • Article
    | Open Access

    CD103+ dendritic cells induce iTreg cells to maintain immune balance in the gut, but how CD40-signalling regulates this process is unclear. Here the authors show that mice with constitutive CD11c-specific CD40-signalling have altered CD103+dendritic cell migration, reduced iTreg cell induction, and fatal colitis.

    • Christian Barthels
    • , Ana Ogrinc
    •  & Thomas Brocker

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Cytokines and their associated pathways can affect survival ofMycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages, representing potential targets for host-directed therapies. Here, Péan et al. show that cytokine-STAT signalling promotes mycobacterial survival within macrophages by deregulating lipid droplet homeostasis.

    • Claire B. Péan
    • , Mark Schiebler
    •  & Marc S. Dionne

  • Article
    | Open Access

    DEK is a secreted protein abundant in the synovia of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Here the authors show DEK is important for neutrophil extracellular trap formation and joint inflammation, and demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of DEK-targeting aptamers in a mouse model of arthritis.

    • Nirit Mor-Vaknin
    • , Anjan Saha
    •  & David M. Markovitz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The differentiation of Th17 cells is central to infection and autoimmunity. Here, the authors show that expression of MST1 by dendritic cells limits IL-6 production and thereby controls Th17 differentiation in immunity to fungal infection and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

    • Chunxiao Li
    • , Yujing Bi
    •  & Guangwei Liu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    mTORC1 and mTORC2 are alternatively required for differentiation of T cells into Th1/Th17 or Th2 cells. Here the authors show mTORC2 signalling is also needed for IL-4-induced M2 activation with functional evidence provided by aN. brasiliensisinfection model and cold challenge to model adaptive thermogenesis.

    • R. W. Hallowell
    • , S. L. Collins
    •  & M. R. Horton

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells consisting of distinct subsets originating from different lineages. Here, the authors identify the subsets of dendritic cells populating the tumour tissue in both mice and humans and find they have opposing functions in regulating the anti-tumour immune response.

    • Damya Laoui
    • , Jiri Keirsse
    •  & Jo A. Van Ginderachter

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ventricular arrhythmia is a leading cause of death in patients with diabetes. Here the authors show that inflammasome activation and ILK-1β production in cardiac macrophages cause arrhythmia in diabetic mice, which can be successfully treated using agonists to IL-1β receptor or NLRP3 inhibitors.

    • Gustavo Monnerat
    • , Micaela L. Alarcón
    •  & Emiliano Medei

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Interaction between platelets and neutrophils promotes neutrophil activation. Here the authors show that neutrophils initiate the cross-talk with platelets by shuttling arachidonic acid via extracellular vesicles, which platelets convert to thromboxane A2that then elicits neutrophil activation.

    • Jan Rossaint
    • , Katharina Kühne
    •  & Alexander Zarbock

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Signalling pathways that mediate macrophage activation in disease are poorly understood. Here the authors show that inhibition of PARP9 and/or activation of PARP14 may attenuate macrophage-mediated vascular diseases, and also provide new insight into the development of effective therapies for other inflammatory disorders.

    • Hiroshi Iwata
    • , Claudia Goettsch
    •  & Masanori Aikawa

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Airway hyperreactivity is driven by type 2 cytokines produced by ILC2 and Th2 cells. Here the authors show that an α7-nicotinic receptor agonist (GTS-21) inhibits ILC2 responses and is therapeutic against Alternaria-induced airway hyperreactivity in a humanized mouse model.

    • Lauriane Galle-Treger
    • , Yuzo Suzuki
    •  & Omid Akbari

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Integrin β2 attachment regulates inflammation via effects on neutrophil rolling and extravasation through sequential integrin extension then headpiece opening. Here the authors show an alternative open headpiece prior to extension stabilized in cisby ICAM-1 that limits neutrophil adhesion.

    • Zhichao Fan
    • , Sara McArdle
    •  & Klaus Ley

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Circulating Ly6Clo monocytes are thought to be derived from Ly6Chi subset. Here the authors show that Notch signalling is activated in Ly6Clocells and is required for their differentiation, and that Notch ligands that initiate this signalling are provided by a subset of endothelial cells.

    • Jaba Gamrekelashvili
    • , Roberto Giagnorio
    •  & Florian P. Limbourg

  • Article
    | Open Access

    GRIP1 cooperates with the glucocorticoid receptor to repress inflammatory genes. Here the authors show that GRIP1 also controls macrophage polarization, by promoting KLF4-driven activation in response to IL-4, and that mice lacking GRIP1 in macrophages develop severe metabolic dysfunction on a high-fat diet.

    • Maddalena Coppo
    • , Yurii Chinenov
    •  & Inez Rogatsky

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Microglia and monocytes contribute to neuropathic pain states, but the precise role of the two cell types is not clear. Here Peng et al.use temporally controlled ablation of monocytes and microglia in mice to show that these cells work together to initiate neuropathic-pain like behaviour, but are less important in the maintenance phase.

    • Jiyun Peng
    • , Nan Gu
    •  & Long-Jun Wu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Understanding the heterogeneity of peritoneal macrophages is hampered by controversy over their origin and homeostasis. Here the authors show the embryonic F4/80hi population is replaced over time by self-renewing bone marrow-derived cells transitioning from F4/80lo to F4/80hi in adult mice, and that such turnover is more rapid in male mice.

    • Calum C. Bain
    • , Catherine A. Hawley
    •  & Stephen J. Jenkins

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