Diabetes articles within Nature

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  • News & Views |

    The discovery of a signalling axis that connects nicotine responses in the brain with glucose metabolism by the pancreas sheds light on why cigarette smoking increases the risk of diabetes.

    • Giuseppe Bruschetta
    •  & Sabrina Diano

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    Over ten years, the Human Microbiome Project has provided resources for studying the microbiome and its relationship to disease; this Perspective summarizes the key achievements and findings of the project and its relationship to the broader field.

    • Lita M. Proctor
    • , Heather H. Creasy
    •  & Curtis Huttenhower

  • Outlook |

    The medical benefits of bringing artificial intelligence to eye care outweigh the risks, says Aaron Lee.

    • Aaron Lee

  • News |

    Pancreatic cells that don’t normally produce insulin can be modified to do so, and to help control blood sugar levels in diabetic mice.

    • Matthew Warren

  • Letter |

    The Forkhead transcription factors FOXK1 and FOXK2, which are induced by starvation, reprogram cellular metabolism to induce aerobic glycolysis.

    • Valentina Sukonina
    • , Haixia Ma
    •  & Sven Enerbäck

  • News & Views |

    Intrinsic and extrinsic cues drive dynamic processes that control cell fate during organ development. A study of mouse and human cells reveals how these inputs affect cells that make the essential hormone insulin.

    • Francesca M. Spagnoli

  • News & Views |

    Low oxygen levels are a hallmark of expanding fat tissue in obesity, and can lead to type 2 diabetes. In addition to a lack of adequate blood supply, increased oxygen demand in fat cells now emerges as being key to this harmful state.

    • Nolwenn Joffin
    •  & Philipp E. Scherer

  • News & Views |

    An autoimmune attack on cells that make the hormone insulin causes type 1 diabetes. A mouse study reveals that pancreatic-cell release of insulin peptide fragments into the bloodstream triggers this harmful process.

    • Jiajie Wei
    •  & Jonathan W. Yewdell

  • News & Views |

    Some Mexican cavefish have a mutation in an insulin receptor protein that affects blood-glucose regulation. The same mutation causes diabetes and health problems in humans, but the diabetic cavefish thrive.

    • Sylvie Rétaux

  • News & Views |

    A mouse pancreas grown in a rat controls blood-sugar levels when transplanted into a mouse that models type 1 diabetes. This achievement provides a tantalizing glimpse of how organs could be grown for therapeutic use. See Article p.191

    • Qiao Zhou

  • News & Views |

    Two analyses of insulin-producing β-cells reveal differences in what has long been considered a homogeneous population. These differences might reflect changes during maturation or ageing, or distinct cell lineages. See Letter p.430

    • Susan Bonner-Weir
    •  & Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato

  • News & Views |

    The largest DNA-sequencing study of type 2 diabetes conducted so far concludes that, contrary to expectation, low-frequency and rare genetic variants do not contribute significantly to disease risk. See Article p.41

    • Stephen S. Rich

  • Article |

    Sequencing data from two large-scale studies show that most of the genetic variation influencing the risk of type 2 diabetes involves common alleles and is found in regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies, clarifying the genetic architecture of this disease.

    • Christian Fuchsberger
    • , Jason Flannick
    •  & Mark I. McCarthy

  • Letter |

    Fat-resident regulatory T cells (fTreg cells) accumulate in adipose tissue of mice as a function of age, but not obesity; mice without fTreg cells are protected against age-associated insulin resistance, but remain susceptible to obesity-associated insulin resistance and metabolic disease, indicating different aetiologies of age-associated versus obesity-associated insulin resistance.

    • Sagar P. Bapat
    • , Jae Myoung Suh
    •  & Ye Zheng

  • Autumn Books |

    David Katz applauds an analysis of the carbonated-drinks industry and public health.

    • David Katz

  • News & Views |

    A microneedle-containing patch that is designed to sense elevated blood glucose levels and to respond by releasing insulin could offer people with diabetes a less-painful and more-reliable way to manage their condition.

    • Omid Veiseh
    •  & Robert Langer

  • Letter |

    Blocking ERK/MAP kinases improves insulin sensitivity thorough a mechanism similar to the actions of the anti-diabetic thiazolidinediones drugs on PPARγ.

    • Alexander S. Banks
    • , Fiona E. McAllister
    •  & Bruce M. Spiegelman

  • Article |

    Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS), widely used food additives considered to be safe and beneficial alternatives to sugars, are shown here to lead to the development of glucose intolerance through compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiota of mice, and the deleterious metabolic effects are transferred to germ-free mice by faecal transplant; NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance are also demonstrated in healthy human subjects.

    • Jotham Suez
    • , Tal Korem
    •  & Eran Elinav

  • Letter |

    An investigation of the influence of age on the generation of insulin-producing cells after β-cell loss in mice reveals that, whereas α-cells can reprogram to produce insulin from puberty to adulthood, efficient reconstitution in the very young is through δ-cell reprogramming, leading to complete diabetes recovery.

    • Simona Chera
    • , Delphine Baronnier
    •  & Pedro L. Herrera

  • Letter |

    An association mapping study of type-2-diabetes-related quantitative traits in the Greenlandic population identified a common variant in TBC1D4 that increases plasma glucose levels and serum insulin levels after an oral glucose load and type 2 diabetes risk, with effect sizes several times larger than any previous findings of large-scale genome-wide association studies for these traits.

    • Ida Moltke
    • , Niels Grarup
    •  & Torben Hansen

  • Letter |

    The three-dimensional structure of the insulin–insulin receptor complex has proved elusive, confounded by the complexity of producing the receptor protein; here is the first glimpse of the interaction between insulin and its primary binding site on the insulin receptor, a view based on four crystal structures of insulin bound to truncated insulin receptor complexes.

    • John G. Menting
    • , Jonathan Whittaker
    •  & Michael C. Lawrence

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