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p38 MAPK-inhibited dendritic cells induce superior antitumour immune responses and overcome regulatory T-cell-mediated immunosuppression
Dendritic cell-based approaches to induce antitumour immunity are promising, but have not shown encouraging results in clinical trials. Here the authors show that inhibition of p38 MAPK in dendritic cells increases expression of OX40L, boosting antitumour T-cell responses and dampening regulatory T-cell activity.
- Yong Lu
- , Mingjun Zhang
- & Qing Yi
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Glycosphingolipid-functionalized nanoparticles recapitulate CD169-dependent HIV-1 uptake and trafficking in dendritic cells
Ganglioside GM3, a cellular lipid included in the envelope of HIV-1 viral particles, interacts with cellular receptor CD169. Here, the authors develop artificial nanoparticles, consisting of a golden core and a GM3-containing synthetic membrane, that recapitulate the CD169-dependent uptake of viral particles.
- Xinwei Yu
- , Amin Feizpour
- & Björn M. Reinhard
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Human B cells induce dendritic cell maturation and favour Th2 polarization by inducing OX-40 ligand
B lymphocytes can regulate dendritic cell (DC) functions, but the extent of this regulation and the functional outcomes have not been fully established. Here, the authors show that direct interaction with activated B cells induces maturation of DCs, driving the differentiation of T cells towards the Th2 subset.
- Mohan S. Maddur
- , Meenu Sharma
- & Jagadeesh Bayry
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Fucose-specific DC-SIGN signalling directs T helper cell type-2 responses via IKKε- and CYLD-dependent Bcl3 activation
C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN, expressed on dendritic cells, shapes cytokine production in response to pathogens. Here, the authors show how recognition of fucose-expressing pathogens, Schistosoma mansoni and Helicobacter pylori, by this receptor directs T helper cell type-2 responses via activation of the NF-κB family member Bcl3.
- Sonja I. Gringhuis
- , Tanja M. Kaptein
- & Teunis B. H. Geijtenbeek
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| Open AccessIntegrin CD11b positively regulates TLR4-induced signalling pathways in dendritic cells but not in macrophages
The signalling pathways that confer differences in the responses of dendritic cells and macrophages to LPS remain poorly understood. Here, Ling et al.report that the integrin C11b is required for LPS-induced TLR4 trafficking and signalling in dendritic cells but not in macrophages.
- Guang Sheng Ling
- , Jason Bennett
- & Marina Botto
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slanDCs selectively accumulate in carcinoma-draining lymph nodes and marginate metastatic cells
slanDCs represent a population of dendritic cells whose role in cancer immune surveillance is not known. Here, the authors reveal that in cancer patients, slanDCs accumulate in the metastatic tumour-draining lymph nodes but not primary carcinoma sites, suggesting their involvement in nodal immune responses to cancer cells.
- William Vermi
- , Alessandra Micheletti
- & Marco A. Cassatella
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Transcription factor IRF4 drives dendritic cells to promote Th2 differentiation
Asthma is often characterized by Th2-mediated inflammatory responses, which are initiated by lung dendritic cells. Here, Williams et al.demonstrate that dendritic cell expression of transcription factor IRF4 drives Th2 differentiation through IL-33 and IL-10 activation.
- Jesse W. Williams
- , Melissa Y. Tjota
- & Anne I. Sperling
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| Open AccessmiRNomes of haematopoietic stem cells and dendritic cells identify miR-30b as a regulator of Notch1
Several microRNAs have been implicated in the differentiation of immune cells. Here the authors analyse the global microRNA expression profiles of mouse haematopoietic stem cells and different stages of dendritic cell development and identify Notch1 as a target of miR-30b in regulatory dendritic cells.
- Xiaoping Su
- , Cheng Qian
- & Xuetao Cao
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Skin thymic stromal lymphopoietin initiates Th2 responses through an orchestrated immune cascade
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin is an important initiator of Th2 responses, but, to date, little is known about how it drives the immune cascade in the tissue microenvironment in vivo. Here, the authors show that skin thymic stromal lymphopoietin orchestrate interactions between immune cells, leading to Th2 priming.
- Juan Manuel Leyva-Castillo
- , Pierre Hener
- & Mei Li
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| Open AccessExploring the MHC-peptide matrix of central tolerance in the human thymus
T cells learn to tolerate self-antigens in the thymus, where self-peptides are presented by thymic antigen-presenting cells. Here, the authors present an ex vivomass spectrometric analysis of the self-peptide repertoire associated with MHC I and II in human thymic tissue.
- Eleni Adamopoulou
- , Stefan Tenzer
- & Christina Stoeckle
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Identification and characterization of polyclonal αβ-T cells with dendritic cell properties
The division of the immune system into innate and adaptive arms has become blurred in recent years. Kuka et al.identify a novel population of αβ-T-cell receptor-expressing cells in mice and humans that both presents and responds to antigen and produces interleukin-12, thus exhibiting core properties of both dendritic cells and T cells.
- Mirela Kuka
- , Ivana Munitic
- & Jonathan D. Ashwell