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The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the way different communities have been affected dependent on ethnic or social background. In this paper, the social determinants of COVID-19 will be considered with a review of the current literature and the opportunities for future research. There has been very little written about this approach to the infection and its consequences. Although children are not as affected as adults, the measures to control the pandemic may have significant consequences for children’s mental and physical well-being, as well as long-term challenges for their education. Research in pediatrics and child health should address this challenge going forward.